Molluscicidal and larvicidal activities and essential oil composition of Cymbopogon winterianus

Figures & data

Table 1. Oil composition (%) of C. winterianus.

RI	Constituents	Oil (%)
990	Myrcene	3.3
1026	Limonene	2.2
1045	(E)-β-Ocimene	0.7
1095	Linalool	0.7
1128	allo-Ocimene	0.2
1150	Citronellal	26.5
1175	(E)-Isocitral	0.2
1223	Citronellol	7.3
1228	Nerol	0.4
1237	Neral	0.5
1250	Geraniol	16.2
1266	Geranial	0.7
1350	Citronelyl acetate	2.5
1359	Neryl acetate	0.1
1379	Geranyl acetate	3.4
1390	β-Elemene	4.4
1420	β-Ylangene	0.3
1432	β-Gurjunene	0.2
1440	Aromadendrene	0.1
1453	Neryl propanoate	0.1
1455	α-Humulene	0.1
1462	cis-Cadina 1,(6),4- diene	0.1
1468	cis-Muurola- 4,(14),5- diene	0.1
1480	γ-Muurolene	0.1
1484	Germacrene D	1.1
1494	trans-Muurola- 4,(14),5- diene	0.1
1497	Viridiflorene	0.1
1501	α-Muurolene	0.4
1513	γ-Cadinene	0.4
1523	δ-Cadinene	2.5
1528	Zonarene	0.1
1539	α-Cadinene	0.1
1549	Elemol	14.5
1622	10-epi-γ-Eudesmol	0.1
1629	1-epi-Cubenol	0.1
1632	γ-Eudesmol	0.8
1639	epi-α-Cadinol	0.5
1643	epi-α-Muurolol	0.7
1651	β-Eudesmol	0.2
1653	α-Eudesmol	0.2
1654	α-Cadinol	2.7
1714	(2E,6Z)-Farnesol	0.2
	Monoterpene hydrocarbons	6.4
	Oxygenated monoterpenes	58.5
	Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons	10.3
	Oxygenated sesquiterpenes	20.0
	Total	95.2

RI = retention index on DB-5 ms column.

Bold values highlight the main constituents.

Figure 1. Effects of the oil of C. winterianus (10, 100 and 1000 mg/L) or potassium dichromate (10 mg/L) on brine shrimp larvae. Values are the mean ± SEM (n = 10 per group). ^ap < 0.001 compared to control; ^bp < 0.001 compared to 10 mg/L; ^cp < 0.001 compared to 100 mg/L; ^dp < 0.001 compared to 1000 mg/L.

Table 2. Mortality of snails resulting from the molluscicide action of the oil of C. winterianus.

Observation time	Oil concentration (mg/L)	Mortality %	LC values (mg/L)
24 h	100	50	LC20 = 177.41
	75	30	LC50 = 271.4
	50	10	LC90 = 569.39
	25	0
48 h	100	70	LC20 = 44.38
	75	60	LC50 = 72.15
	50	40	LC90 = 125.84
	25	10
72 h	100	90	LC20 = 22.19
	75	70	LC50 = 54.44
	50	50	LC90 = 97.4
	25	20