Implications from a pharmacogenomic analysis: Nerium oleander leaf distillate supplemented diet regulates cholesterol metabolism in rats

Figures & data

Table 1. Blood serum cholesterol levels of the rats selected for cDNA microarray analysis.

Group	Rat No	Cholesterol (mg/dl)
ND	1	133.00
	2	112.00
HFD	1	1664.00
	2	1172.00
NOHFD	1	530.00
	2	275.00

Figure 1. Sources of variation: average sum of squares, analysis of variation (p < 0.05). The variation source is profoundly diet type (treatment).

Table 2. The gene list that represents the fold change of genes encoding lipid/cholesterol metabolism related proteins in rat livers.

			Fold change
Gene name	Gene symbol	Description	HFD/ND	NOHFD/HFD
1368878_at	Idi1	Isopentenyl-diphosphate delta isomerase 1	−47.9795	2.13765
1387017_at	Sqle	Squalene epoxidase	−18.6796	1.23256
1369072_at	Adh7	Alcohol dehydrogenase 7 (class IV), mu or sigma polypeptide	−18.3132	3.29024
1387020_at	Cyp51	Cytochrome P450, family 51	−15.9456	1.14688
1367932_at	Hmgcs1	3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A synthase 1 (soluble)	−15.2888	2.11132
1368275_at	Sc4mol	Sterol-C4-methyl oxidase-like	−14.1279	1.31237
1370024_at	Fabp7	Fatty acid-binding protein 7, brain	−13.7695	1.64505
1372462_at	Acat2	Acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase 2	−12.4534	1.4839
1385165_at	Cyp39a1	Cytochrome P450, family 39, subfamily a, polypeptide 1	−11.5175	4.25383
1370420_at	Srd5a1	Steroid-5-alpha-reductase	−8.95573	1.4994
1387926_at	Sc5dl	Sterol-C5-desaturase (ERG3 delta-5-desaturase homolog, S. cerevisiae)-like	−8.7382	1.55655
1375944_at	Acss2	Acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 2	−8.69376	−1.04376
1377758_at	Hsd17b7	Hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 7	−7.20858	1.32569
1368924_at	Ghr	Growth hormone receptor	−6.34492	3.04821
1367857_at	Fads1	Fatty acid desaturase 1	−5.82904	1.45405
1385640_at	Pcsk9	Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9	−5.81218	1.00
1372973_at	Lss	Lanosterol synthase (2,3-oxidosqualene-lanosterol cyclase)	−5.7176	1.02793
1369111_at	Fabp1	Fatty acid-binding protein 1, liver	−5.2207	2.92218
1371137_at	Acox2	Acyl-Coenzyme A oxidase 2, branched chain	−5.17646	2.86426
1389906_at	Fdft1	Farnesyl diphosphate farnesyl transferase 1	−4.31868	1.27985
1375852_at	Hmgcr	3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A reductase	−4.22593	1.13159
1372156_at	Tmem97	Transmembrane protein 97	−2.51418	−1.11774
1387508_at	Baat	Bile acid Coenzyme A: amino acid N-acyltransferase	−2.34079	11.6269
1389611_at	Vldlr	Very low-density lipoprotein receptor	2.27702	−1.13428
1388253_at	Scd	Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (delta-9-desaturase)	2.31226	−1.55733
1390850_at	Adfp	Adipose differentiation related protein	2.62028	−1.65654
1398250_at	Acot1	Acyl-CoA thioesterase 1	3.22276	−2.20009
1374976_a_at	Soat1	Sterol O-acyltransferase 1	5.05448	−1.13984
1368669_at	Ucp2	Uncoupling protein 2 (mitochondrial, proton carrier)	5.40454	−2.57496
1377163_at	Inhbb	Inhibin beta-B	5.32007	−1.51845
1372476_at	Fads3	Fatty acid desaturase 3	5.35974	−1.90917
1374770_at	Asah1	N-Acylsphingosine amidohydrolase (acid ceramidase) 1	5.75322	−1.4258
1368027_at	Tbxas1	Thromboxane A synthase 1, platelet	6.33285	−2.45866
1368103_at	Abcg1	ATP-binding cassette, sub-family G (WHITE), member 1	6.53982	−1.16111
1384381_at	Abca1	ATP-binding cassette, sub-family A (ABC1), member 1	6.91361	−2.16995
1369953_a_at	Cd24	CD24 molecule	7.21271	−1.34267
1392308_at	Pla2g2d	Phospholipase A2, group IID	9.21499	−3.19585
1370355_at	Scd1	Stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 1	10.1676	−1.37048
1367631_at	Ctgf	Connective tissue growth factor	10.2558	−1.1138
1370281_at	Fabp5	Fatty acid binding protein 5, epidermal	10.7275	−1.26544
1391435_at	Pltp	Phospholipid transfer protein	13.8361	−1.87382
1367942_at	Acp5	Acid phosphatase 5, tartrate resistant	14.3874	−2.22882
1371961_at	Pld3	Phospholipase D family, member 3	19.563	−2.96287
1386965_at	Lpl	Lipoprotein lipase	19.7514	−1.06221
1368271_a_at	Fabp4	Fatty acid binding protein 4, adipocyte	40.7531	−1.42334

Figure 2. Adh7 enzyme in KEGG pathway: fatty acid metabolism (http://www.genome.jp/ kegg-bin/show_pathway?map00071+M00086).

Figure 3. Hmgcs1 enzyme in KEGG pathway: synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies (http://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?ko00072+K00626).

Figure 4. Cyp39a1, acox1 and baat enzymes in KEGG pathway: primary bile acid biosynthesis (http://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?ko00120+K00489).

Figure 5. Fabp1 enzyme in KEGG pathway: PPAR signaling pathway (http://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?ko03320+K00489).

Figure 6. Pla2g enzyme in KEGG pathway: glycerophospholipid metabolism (http://www.genome.jp/kegg-bin/show_pathway?map00564).