Attenuation of cyclophosphamide-induced pulmonary toxicity in Swiss albino mice by naphthalimide-based organoselenium compound 2-(5-selenocyanatopentyl)-benzo[de]isoquinoline 1,3-dione

Figures & data

Figure 1. Synthesis of compound 4, reagents, and conditions: (i) H₂N(CH₂)₅OH, water, reflux, (ii) PBr₃, ethyl acetate, and (iii) KSeCN, acetone, room temperature.

Figure 2. Effect of compound 4 on pulmonary ROS level (A) and pulmonary NO level (B) after administration of CP. Data are represented as mean ± SD. (a) Significant (p < 0.05) as compared with Gr. I; (b) significant (p < 0.05) as compared with Gr. II; (c) significant (p < 0.05) as compared with Gr. III; (d) significant (p < 0.05) as compared with Gr. IV.

Figure 3. Effect of compound 4 on pulmonary LPO level (A) and pulmonary GSH level (B) after administration of CP. Data are represented as mean ± SD. (a) Significant (p < 0.05) as compared with Gr. I; (b) significant (p < 0.05) as compared with Gr. II; (c) significant (p < 0.05) as compared with Gr. III; (d) significant (p < 0.05) as compared with Gr. IV.

Figure 4. Effect of compound 4 on pulmonary GST activity (A) and pulmonary SOD activity (B) after administration of CP. Data are represented as mean ± SD. (a) Significant (p < 0.05) as compared with Gr. I; (b) significant (p < 0.05) as compared with Gr. II; (c) significant (p < 0.05) as compared with Gr. III; (d) significant (p < 0.05) as compared with Gr. IV.

Figure 5. Effect of compound 4 on pulmonary CAT activity (A) and pulmonary GPx activity (B) after administration of CP. Data are represented as mean ± SD. (a) Significant (p < 0.05) as compared with Gr. I; (b) significant (p < 0.05) as compared with Gr. II; (c) significant (p < 0.05) as compared with Gr. III; (d) significant (p < 0.05) as compared with Gr. IV.

Figure 6. Photomicrographs of lung sections of mice stained with hematoxylin and eosin, 200 × ; (A) normal histology of lung with normal alveolar architecture without any epithelial damage in Gr. I; (B) normal histological features of lung in Gr. II; (C) alveolar damage, thickening of alveolar septa, and fibrous tissue proliferation in Gr. III; (D) pulmonary congestion and pulmonary inflammation in Gr. III; (E) mild to moderate thickening of alveoli, moderate reduction in alveolar distortion, and fibrous tissue proliferation in Gr. IV; (F) almost normal appearance of lung histology with no or very slight thickening of alveolar septa and no indication of fibrous tissue proliferation in Gr. V.