Interleukin-19 in fetal systemic inflammation

Figures & data

Table I.  Clinical characteristics of the study population with and without funisitis.

	No funisitis (n = 40)	Funisitis (n = 40)	p
Maternal age (years)	24 (15–39)	25 (16–44)	0.9
African American	27 (67.5%)	33 (82.5%)	0.1
GA at delivery (weeks)	31.9 (27.1–34.4)	31.9 (27.1–34.9)	0.9
Preterm PROM	13 (32.5%)	14 (35.0%)	0.8
Preterm labor and intact membranes	27 (67.5%)	26 (65.0%)	0.8
Birthweight (grams)	1612 (800–2345)	1697 (918–2530)	0.6
Birthweight percentile	31.6 (10–54.7)	33.6 (11.1–62.2)	0.3

Values were expressed as number (percent) or median (range).

GA: Gestational age; PROM: prelabor rupture of membranes.

Figure 1.  Umbilical cord plasma interleukin (IL)-19 concentrations in neonates with and without funisitis. The median umbilical cord plasma IL-19 concentration was significantly higher in neonates with funisitis than that of those without funisitis (median 87 pg/mL; range 20.6–412.6 pg/mL vs. median 37 pg/mL; range 0–101.7 pg/mL; p < 0.001). LOD = limit of detection.

Figure 2.  Umbilical cord plasma interleukin (IL)-10 concentrations in neonates with and without funisitis. Newborns with funisitis had a significantly higher median umbilical cord plasma IL-10 concentration than those without funisitis (median 4 pg/mL; range 0–33.5 pg/mL vs. median 2 pg/mL; range 0–13.8 pg/mL; p < 0.001). LOD = limit of detection.

Table II.  Clinical characteristics of the study population with and without FIRS.

	No FIRS(n = 46)	FIRS(n = 32)	p
Maternal Age (years)	25(15–39)	25(16–44)	0.8
African American	33(71.7%)	26(81.3%)	0.3
GA at delivery (weeks)	31.7(27.1–34.3)	32.3(28.3–34.9)	0.2
Preterm PROM	14(30.4%)	12(37.5%)	0.5
Preterm labor and intact membranes	32(70%)	20(63%)	0.5
Birthweight (grams)	1612(800–2335)	1735(918–2530)	0.2
Birthweight percentile	32(10–62.2)	32.2(11.1–56.4)	0.9

Values were expressed as number (percent) or median (range).

GA: Gestational age; PROM: prelabor rupture of membranes.

Figure 3.  Umbilical cord plasma interleukin (IL)-19 concentrations in neonates with and without Fetal Inflammatory Response Syndrome (FIRS). Newborns who were diagnosed with FIRS had a significantly higher median umbilical cord plasma IL-19 concentration than those who did not have FIRS (FIRS median: 90 pg/mL; range 13.6–412.6 pg/mL vs. No FIRS median: 43 pg/mL; range 17.9–198 pg/mL; p < 0.001).

Figure 4.  Umbilical cord plasma interleukin (IL)-10 concentrations in neonates with and without Fetal Inflammatory Response Syndrome (FIRS). The median umbilical cord plasma IL-10 concentration in neonates with FIRS was higher than that of those without FIRS (FIRS median: 5 pg/mL; range 0–33.5 pg/mL vs. No FIRS median: 2 pg/mL; range 0–13.8 pg/mL; p < 0.001). LOD = limit of detection.

Figure 5.  Correlation between umbilical cord plasma concentrations of interleukin (IL)-19 and IL-10 in neonates with (5a) and without funisitis (5b). Among neonates with funisitis, there was a significant positive correlation between umbilical cord plasma concentrations of IL-19 and IL-10 (Spearman Rho = 0.5, p = 0.003; Figure 5a). In contrast, among neonates without funisitis, there was no correlation between umbilical cord plasma concentrations of IL-19 and IL-10 (p>0.05; Figure 5b).