Does a Self-management Education Program Have the Same Impact on Emotional and Functional Dimensions of HRQoL?

Figures & data

Figure 1.  Flow diagram of participants in study.

Table 1.  Baseline characteristics of participants

Women	22 (44)	34 (57)	1.75†	.19
Living alone	16 (32)	21 (35)	0.11†	.74
Level of education, yrs	11 (9 to 14)	11 (9 to 12)	0.08¶	.93
Currently working	3 (6)	6 (10)	0.58†	.45
Clinical and functional profile
Smoking status
Current smoker	8 (16)	8 (13)	0.16†	.92
Ever smoked	37 (74)	46 (77)
Never smoked	5 (10)	6 (10)
Cumulative smoking exposure, pack-years*	45 (26)	43 (20)	0.46*	.64
FEV1,% predicted	59 (24)	49 (17)	2.55*	.012
FEV1 –FVC ratio,%	58 (16)	58 (13)	0.12*	.90
GOLD stage
I	8 (16)	2 (3)	7.92†	.048
II	24 (48)	24 (40)
III	12 (24)	25 (42)
IV	6 (12)	9 (15)
PaO2 at stay, mm Hg	76 (14)	74 (7)	0.92*	.36
Medication
Short-Acting Beta2 Agonists	29 (58)	32 (53)	0.24†	.62
Long-Acting Beta2 Agonists (LABA)	34 (68)	33 (55)	1.94†	.16
Inhaled Corticosteroids (ICS)	26 (52)	32 (53)	0.19†	.89
Combined LABA and ICS	19 (40)	20 (33)	0.26†	.61
SGRQ scores (0–100)
Symptoms	55 (16)	54 (18)	0.33*	.74
Activity	66 (23)	65 (20)	0.22*	.85
Impacts	38 (20)	37 (19)	0.36*	.72
Total	49 (18)	48 (16)	0.35*	.72
SF-36 scores (0–100)
Physical Functioning	34 (12)	33 (11)	0.42*	.67
Role Physical	40 (12)	34 (10)	3.03*	.003
Bodily Pain	49 (14)	47 (13)	0.73*	.47
General Health	40 (11)	39 (10)	0.20*	.84
Physical component summary	37 (10)	35 (8)	0.97*	.33
Vitality	46 (10)	47 (10)	–0.40*	.68
Social Functioning	39 (13)	39 (12)	0.24*	.81
Role Emotional	44 (14)	37 (14)	2.61*	.10
Mental Health	45 (13)	44 (11)	0.76*	.45
Mental component summary	47 (12)	45 (12)	1.12*	.26

Figure 2.  Results at 12-month post-baseline on emotional and functional subscales scores of SGRQ. Notes: Data are expressed as adjusted* mean difference with 95% CI; *adjusted for covariates, i.e., age, sex, GOLD stage, smoking status, civil status and baseline values

Figure 3.  Principle of interpretation of fi gures. Notes: Reproduced from (33). This fi gure shows how we can interpret the results in relation to the mean difference and 95% CI, and how these appear in relation to the null (zero value) of no intervention difference and the pre-specifi ed minimal clinical important difference in HRQoL outcomes.

Figure 4.  Results at 12-month post-baseline on emotional and functional subscales scores of SF-36. Notes: Data are expressed as adjusted* mean difference with 95% CI; PC = Physical Component summary scores of SF-36; MC = Mental Component summary scores of SF-36; *adjusted for covariates, i.e., age, sex, GOLD stage, smoking status, civil status and baseline values.

Figure 5.  Magnitude of changes in emotional vs. functional subscales scores in both questionnaires. Notes: Data are expressed as adjusted* mean ± SE of absolute changes; *adjusted for covariates, i.e., age, sex, GOLD stage, smoking status, civil status, intervention and baseline values.