Interrelationship of Circulating Matrix Metalloproteinase-9, TNF-α, and OPG/RANK/RANKL Systems in COPD Patients with Osteoporosis

Figures & data

Table 1.  Basic characteristics of three groups of patients with COPD.

Characteristics	COPD with normal BMD (N = 30)	COPD with osteopenia (N = 30)	COPD with osteoporosis (N = 30)
Age (years)	64.5 ± 9.2	66.5 ± 7.2	72.5 ± 9.6
FEV1/FVC	58.2 ± 9.5	54.6 ± 12.7	52.3 ± 6.8
FEV1%Pre	59.1 ± 18.4	55.9 ± 12.5	51.6 ± 17.5
Smoking index (packs/year)	29.2 ± 20.8	33.8 ± 22.4	36.9 ± 18.6
BMI	27.6 ± 3.1	24.3 ± 3.4*	21.4 ± 4.1**
CAT score	14.9 ± 8.5	20.7 ± 3.9*	25.3 ± 5.9*
BMD (lumbar spine) (g/cm^2)	1.05 ± 0.06	0.87 ± 0.07*	0.79 ± 0.03**^^
BMD (femoral neck) (g/cm^2)	0.93 ± 0.09	0.84 ± 0.20*	0.68 ± 0.03**^^

*P < 0.05,**P < 0.01 vs COPD with normal BMD.

^P < 0.05,^^P < 0.01 vs COPD with low BMD.

Table 2.  Serum levels of MMP-9/TIMP-1, TNF-α, and OPG/RANK/RANKL in patients with COPD.

	COPD with normal BMD (N = 30)	COPD with osteopenia (N = 30)	COPD with Osteoporosis (N = 30)
MMP-9 (ng/ml)	32.54  ± 10.06	49.14  ± 11.34*	81.26  ± 20.61**^
TIMP-1 (ng/ml)	178.35 ± 25.95	188.14 ± 33.01	210.05 ± 38.34
MMP-9/TIMP-1	0.215  ± 0.124	0.278  ± 0.106	0.401  ± 0.207*^
TNF-α (ng/ml)	21.14  ± 3.57	33.58  ± 7.36*	42.63  ± 8.76*^
OPG (pg/ml)	239.35 ± 57.24	260.35 ± 46.37	272.63 ± 69.52*
RANK (pg/ml)	79.38  ± 20.16	75.37  ± 18.27	71.55  ± 36.76
RANKL (pg/ml)	439.56 ± 75.37	518.46 ± 48.58	582.33 ± 67.32*^
RANKL/OPG	1.88   ± 0.39	2.05   ± 0.62	2.39   ± 0.51*^

*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs COPD with normal BMD.

^P < 0.05 vs COPD with low BMD.

Table 3.  Multiple regression analyses for Bone mineral density in COPD patients

		R^2	β	SE	P
Lumbar spine BMD	constant	1.658	0.219	0.000
	RANKL	0.179	−0.001	0.000	0.030
	mmp-9	0.033	−0.014	0.012	0.034
Femoral neck BMD	constant	1.393	0.096	0.000
	mmp-9	0.380	−0.006	0.001	0.000
	RANKL/OPG	0.139	−0.130	0.046	0.006

Figure 1.  Comparison of Serum levels of MMP-9/TIMP-1, TNF-α among patients with COPD. (*P < 0.05)

Figure 2.  Comparison of Serum levels of OPG/RANK/RANKL among patients with COPD. (*P < 0.05)