No evidence of a clinically important effect of adding local infusion analgesia administrated through a catheter in pain treatment after total hip arthroplasty

Figures & data

Table 2. Patient characteristics for the LINFA and placebo group

	LINFA group	Placebo group
	(n = 30)	(n = 30)
Age, years ^a	64 (54–78)	68 (54–82)
Female, n (%)	10 (33%)	18 (60%)
Body mass index ^a	27 (19–37)	28 (20–37)
Living with partner, n (%)	24 (80%)	25 (83%)
ASA classification, n (%)
I (normal healthy)	8 (27%)	11 (37%)
II (mild systemic disease)	22 (73%)	19 (63%)
Preoperative pain level ^a
WOMAC	13.0 (1–20)	13.0 (4–18)
NRS (rest + activity)	7.5 (0–16)	9.0 (0–15)
WOMAC + NRS (rest + activity)	20.5 (2–34)	22.0 (6–31)
Preoperative WOMAC ^a
Stiffness	8 (0–12)	8 (0–14)
Function	33 (8–58)	40 (3–60)
Duration of surgery, min ^a	60 (35–110)	50 (30–90)
Intraoperative bleeding, mL ^a	250 (50–750)	200 (50–1,100)

^ª Median (range).

Table 4. Results for postoperative pain as primary endpoint, median (range)

	LINFA group	Placebo group	n (L/P) ^a	p-value ^b
Pain scale
12 hours
WOMAC	3.5 (0–7)	2.5 (0–5)	28/28	0.6
22 hours
WOMAC	7 (2–15)	9 (0–13)	24/24	0.2
NRS ^c	5 (1–16)	8 (0–18)	23/27	0.1
WOMAC + NRS ^c	12 (3–30)	17 (0–31)	23/23	0.1
24 hours
WOMAC	4 (0–12)	6 (0–10)	29/28	0.05 ^d
NRS ^c	4 (0–14)	6 (0–17)	30/27	0.04 ^d
WOMAC + NRS ^c	9 (0–23)	12.5 (0–26)	29/26	0.05 ^d

^a n: number of registrations in the two groups (LINFA/placebo).

^b Mann-Whitney U test.

^c NRS pain (rest + activity)

^d Adjustment of the p-values in the table in order to control the false discovery rate and so avoid spurious significant results due to multiple testing suggested that these results should be regarded as insignificant (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995).

Table 6. Results for PONV and tiredness in the LINFA and placebo groups, median (range)

	LINFA group	Placebo group	n (L/P) ^a	p-value ^b
Nausea + vomiting (EORTC)
Day 0	1 (0–9)	2 (0–9)	30/30	0.1
Day 1	0 (0–6)	2 (0–9)	30/30	< 0.001 ^c
Day 2	0 (0–3)	1 (0–5)	30/30	0.001 ^c
Day 3	0 (0–8)	0 (0–4)	28/29	0.5
Nausea (NRS)
Day 0	0.5 (0–8)	1.5 (0–10)	30/30	0.2
Day 1	0 (0–8)	2 (0–9)	30/30	0.002 ^c
Day 2	0 (0–2)	0.5 (0–6)	30/30	0.01 ^c
Day 3	0 (0–10)	0 (0–6)	28/29	0.6
Nausea + vomiting (EORTC + NRS)
Day 0	1.5 (0–17)	3.5 (0–19)	30/30	0.2
Day 1	0 (0–13)	4 (0–17)	30/30	< 0.001 ^c
Day 2	0 (0–5)	1.5 (0–10)	30/30	0.004 ^c
Day 3	0 (0–18)	0 (0–9)	28/29	0.6
Tiredness (NRS)
Day 0	3 (0–10)	4 (0–9)	29/29	0.7
Day 1	3 (0–9)	4 (0–9)	30/30	0.04 ^d
Day 2	2 (0–6)	3 (0–8)	30/30	0.08
Day 3	2 (0–7)	2 (0–8)	28/28	0.3

^a n: Number of registrations in the two groups (LINFA/placebo).

^b Mann-Whitney U test.

^c Statistically significant.

^d Adjustment of the p-values in the table in order to control the false discovery rate and so avoid spurious significant results due to multiple testing suggested that this result should be regarded as insignificant (Benjamini and Hochberg 1995).

Benjamini Y, Hochberg Y. Controlling the false discovery rate: A practical and powerful approach to multiple testing. J R Statist Soc B 1995; 57 (1): 289-300.

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