Shoulder instability surgery in Norway

Figures & data

Table 1. Distribution of surgical procedures

	Primary	Revision	Total
Anterior stabilization
Arthroscopy
Bankart	294	25	322
Capsular plication	6	3	6
Sum	300	28	329
Open
Latarjet	35	26	60
Capsular shift	1	1	2
Sum	36	27	62
Total	336	55	391
Posterior stabilization
Arthroscopy
Bankart	31	1	32
Capsular plication	8	0	8
Sum	39	1	40
Open
Bony	0	0	0
Capsular shift	1	0	1
Sum	1	0	1
Total	40	1	41
Multidirectional stabilization
Arthroscopy
Bankart	14	1	15
Capsular plication	14 ^a	1	15
Sum	28	2	30
Open
Bony	0	0	0
Capsular shift	0	1	1
Sum	0	1	1
Total	28	3	31

^a 3 with rotator interval closure

Table 2. Patient characteristics for primary stabilization

	Anterior	Posterior	Multidirectional
	(n = 336)	(n = 40)	(n = 28)
Sex (%male)	68	73	61
Age (median, range)	25 (13–74)	28 (14–56)	25 (10–45)
Instability in contralateral shoulder, n (%)
	34 (10)	5	12
Traumatic debut, n (%)
definitive	299 (89)	20	11
uncertain	20 (6)	9	4
Month of symptoms, median	28	34	60
(range)	(0–489)	(4–234)
Most common activities at injury (n)	Daily activity (55)	Daily activity (6)	Soccer (2)
	Ski (43)	Handball (5)	Ski (2)
	Soccer (24)
	Handball (20)
	Snowboard (17)
	Epilepsy (10)
	Assault (10)
	MC (8)
	Volleyball (8)
	Car (7)
	Weight lifting (7)
Prophylactic antibiotics, n (%)	223 (69)	27	17
NSAID, n (%)	97 (31)	11	9
Day surgery, n (%)	133 (41)	8	9
Surgery position (beach), n (%) ^a	86 (30)	3	3
Operating time (median, range)	70 (18–200)	86	84
Concomitant SLAP lesion, n (%) ^a	70 (23)	12	6
Glenoid fracture, n (%)	21 (6)	0	0
Glenoid resorption, n (%)	28 (8)	1	0
HAGL (anterior or posterior)	0	1	1
Number of suture anchors (mean) ^a	2.61	2.38	2.39

^a in arthroscopic procedures

Table 3. Preoperative WOSI, percent of maximum score: mean (SD)

	Primary anterior	Revision anterior	Primary posterior	Primary multidirectional
	(n=314)	(n=50)	(n=39)	. (n=28)
WOSI total score	51 (18)	44 (18)	45 (14)	42 (16)
Physical symptoms and pain	59 (20)	52 (21)	48 (14)	45 (20)
Sport, recreation and work	40 (21)	34 (20)	41 (19)	38 (19)
Lifestyle and social functions	53 (23)	44 (23)	51 (21)	46 (20)
Emotions	36 (24)	30 (24)	36 (21)	31 (21)

Table 4. Results at 1-year follow up after stabilization procedures

	Arthroscopy primary anterior	Arthroscopy revision anterior	Open primary anterior	Open revision anterior	Arthroscopy primary posterior	Arthroscopy primary multidirectional
	(n=141^a)	(n=13)	(n=10)	(n=10)	(n=25)	(n=13)
Preop WOSI%, mean (SD)	51 (19)	48 (16)	55 (17)	48 (18)	45 (15)	42 (19)
1-year WOSI%, mean (SD)	75 (19)	64 (18)	80 (16)	69 (18)	63 (28)	76 (19)
Change in WOSI%, mean (CI 95%)	24 (20–27)	16 (3–30)	26 (13–38)	21 (14–28)	17 (8–26)	34 (24–45)
p-value	p<0.001	p=0.02	p=0.001	p<0.001	p=0.001	p<0.001
Recurrent instability(n)	14	0	0	0	4	0
Reoperation (n)	6	0	1	0	2	1

^a n=138 for rate of recurrence and reoperation