DNA barcoding of morid cods reveals deep divergence in the antitropical Halargyreus johnsoni but little distinction between Antimora rostrata and Antimora microlepis

Figures & data

Figure 1.  Kimura 2-parameter (K2P) distance neighbor-joining tree of 35 COI sequences from H. johnsonii (NT = New Zealand–Tasmania; Ot = other regions), five sequences from A. microlepis (Am) and 21 sequences from A. rostrata (Ar). BOLD accession numbers are given for each specimen followed by a sample ID, and location abbreviation (HM, Heard and McDonald Islands; MI, Macquarie Island; NA, North Atlantic Ocean; NP, North Pacific Ocean; NZ, New Zealand; RS, Ross Sea; SS, South Sandwich Islands); five sequences are taken from Genbank, H. johnsonii: FJ164639 and EU148182, A. rostrata: EU148703/74/75. The tree has been rooted with the morid outgroup L. microcephalus. Numbers at nodes are bootstrap percentages (>70%) after 1000 replicates, based on distance and Bayesian posterior probability values (>90%); scale bar is for K2P distance.

Table I.  Nucleotide distance (% Kimura two-parameter) within and between species of H. johnsonii, A. rostrata, A. microlepis, and L. microcephalus.

		Between species
Species	Within species	H. johnsonii (NT)	H. johnsonii (Ot)	A. rostrata	A. microlepis
H. johnsonii (NT)	0.03	–
H. johnsonii (Ot)	0.02	3.95	–
A. rostrata	0.32	11.34	11.33	–
A. microlepis	0.06	11.25	11.25	0.23	–
L. microcephalus	nd	11.29	12.26	5.46	5.36

NT, New Zealand–Tasmania; Ot, other regions; and nd, no data.

Table II.  Meristic counts from H. johnsonii from the Southern Ocean just north of the Ross Sea and New Zealand, along with values given in Gon and Heemstra (1990) and Paulin (1983).

Character	Ross Sea, range (mean)	New Zealand, range (mean)	G&H pool (range)	G&H SH (range)	G&H NA (range)	Paulin NZ (range)
SL (mm)	239–317 (270.3)	153–527 (314)	211–432			nd
Dorsal 1	6–8 (7)	7–8 (7.7)	6–9			6–8
Dorsal 2	50–54 (52.2)	56–59 (57.3)	47–59	51–59	49–54	48–60
Pectoral	17–18 (17.8)	17–19 (18.2)	17–19			17–20
Anal	42–46 (44.3)	47–51 (49.5)	41–52	44–51	41–47	39–53
SC.O.D1	8–10 (8.8)	8 (8)	nd
SC.M.D1	9–11 (9.7)	8–9 (8.3)	nd			8–12
SC.O.D2	9–12 (10.0)	8–9 (8.7)	nd
GR.O1ST	19–20 (19.5)	17–20 (18.7)	14–21			nd
GR.I.1ST	15–18 (16.3)	16–17 (16.3)	nd			nd
GR.O 2ND	16–17 (16.5)	16–18 (17.2)	nd			nd
GR.I.2ND	15–17 (16.3)	14–17 (15.8)	nd			nd
Pelvic	6–7 (6.2)	5–6 (5.8)	5–6	6^*	5^*	nd
Caeca	10–11 (10.5)	9–11 (10.3)	nd			8–11
Upper teeth	7–10 (7.8)	7–14 (10.5)	nd			nd
Lower teeth	2–3 (2.8)	3–6 (4.7)	nd			nd

G&H, Gon and Heemstra (1990); Paulin NZ, Paulin (1983); SH, southern hemisphere; NA, North Atlantic Ocean; NZ, New Zealand; nd, no data; SL, standard length; Dorsal 1, rays of first dorsal fin; Dorsal 2, rays of second dorsal fin; Pectoral, pectoral fin rays; Anal, anal fin rays; SC.O.D1, diagonal rows of scales from origin of first dorsal fin to (not including) lateral line scale; SC.M.D1, diagonal rows of scales from middle of first dorsal fin to (not including) lateral line scale; SC.O.D2, diagonal rows of scales from origin of second dorsal fin to (not including) lateral line scale; GR.O.1ST, total gill rakers on outer side of first gill arch; GR.I.1ST, total gill rakers on inner side of first gill arch; GR.O.2ND, total gill rakers on outer side of second gill arch; GR.I.2ND, total gill rakers on inner side of second gill arch; Pelvic, pelvic fin rays; Caeca, number of pyloric caeca; Upper teeth, number of rows of teeth in upper jaw; Lower teeth, number of rows of teeth in lower jaw.

^* Mode.

Gon O, Heemstra P. 1990. Fishes of the Southern Ocean. Grahamstown: J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology462.

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Paulin C. 1983. A revision of the family Moridae (Pisces: Anacanthini) within the New Zealand region. Rec Natl Mus NZ. 2:81–126.

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