The potentials of nanotechnology-based drug delivery system for treatment of ovarian cancer

Figures & data

Table I. Median survival rate for different stages of ovarian cancer.

Stage of ovarian cancer	Approx. Median 5-year survival rate (%)
Stage I	90–95
Stage II	65–70
Stage III	35–40
Stage IV	15–25

Figure 1. Long-term treatment plan for ovarian cancer.

Table II. Marketed drug products used in ovarian cancer.

Sr. No	Drug	Marketed product
1.	Altretamine	Hexalen^®
2.	Ifosfamide	Ifex^®
3.	PTX	Taxol^®
4.	Docetaxel	Taxotere^®
5.	Liposomal DOX	Doxil^®
6.	GB	Gemzar^®
7.	CPP	cytoxan^®
8.	Vinorelbine	Navelbine^®
9.	Capacetibane	Xeloda^®
10.	Irinotecan	camptosar^®
11.	Pemetrexed	Alimta^®
12.	Albumin bound PTX	Abraxane^®

Table III. Chemotherapeutically active agents/drugs used in ovarian cancer.

FDA-approved drugs
Altretamine	Carboplatin	CP
GB	PTX	Pegylated liposomal DOX
Carboplatin	Topotecan	–
Drugs Not FDA approved, compendium listed
Chlorambucil	CPP	Docetaxel
DOX	Epirubicin	Etoposide
5-FU/LV	GB	Ifosfamide
Irinotecan	Melphalan	MTX
Thiotepa	Vinorelbine	–
Drugs Not FDA approved, not compendium listed
Aromatase inhibitors	Bevacizumab	Pemetrexed
Tamoxifen	–	–

Table IV. Nanocarrier-based delivery system for ovarian cancer.

Sr. No	Drug	Nanocarrier	Route of administration	Outcome	References
1	DOX	Liposomes and pegylated liposomes	Parenteral Injection	Enhanced therapeutic activity	Thigpen et al. (2005)
2	Altretamine (HMM)	Liposomes	Oral	Increase in pharmacokinetic properties of drug	Sun et al. (2010)
3	DOX	Niosomes	Parenteral Injection	improved pharmacokinetic and tumoricidal activity	Uchegbu et al. (1996)
4	PTX	Niosomes	Oral	slow drug release with reduced toxic side effects	Bayindir and Yuksel (2010)
5	CP	Dendrimers	Oral	Targeted drug delivery	Bai et al. (2006)
6	PTX	Polymeric nanoparticles	Parenteral Injection	Targeted lymphatic delivery	Coleman et al. (2011)
7	Tripentone	Nanocapsules	Oral	Sustained release	Zhang et al. (2010)
8	Docetaxel	SLNs	Parenteral Injection	Enhanced antitumor efficiency	Li et al. (2011)
9	DOX	Polymeric micelles	Parenteral Injection	Enhanced antitumor efficiency, loading capacity as compared with free drug	Loftsson et al. (2007)
10	Albendazole	Cyclodextrin complexation	Oral	enhanced proliferative activity/cytotoxicity in ovarian cells, enhancement of solubility	Chauhan et al. (2009)
11	PTX	NLCs	Oral	Targeted drug delivery	Emami et al. (2012)

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