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Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology
An International Journal
Volume 44, 2016 - Issue 1
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Synthesis of calcium phosphate-zirconia scaffold and human endometrial adult stem cells for bone tissue engineering

Aliakbar AlizadehDepartment of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
,
Fathollah MoztarzadehDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
,
Seyed Naser OstadDepartment of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
,
Mahmoud AzamiDepartment of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
,
Bita GeramizadehTransplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
,
Gholamreza HatamDepartment of Parasitology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
,
Davood BizariDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
,
Seyed Mohammad TavangarDepartment of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
,
Mohammad VaseiDepartment of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
&
Jafar AiDepartment of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;Brain and Spinal Injury Research Center, Imam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranCorrespondence[email protected]
 show all
Pages 66-73 | Received 05 Mar 2014, Accepted 26 Mar 2014, Published online: 08 May 2014

Figures & data

Figure 1. Designed ZrO2/β-TCP scaffolds with different ratios.
Figure 1. Designed ZrO2/β-TCP scaffolds with different ratios.
Figure 2. XRD analyses for the scaffolds with different ratios.
Figure 2. XRD analyses for the scaffolds with different ratios.
Figure 3. SEM image of the samples with different ratios of ZrO2.Y2O3/β-TCP. A1: 50/50, A2: 40/60, and A3: 30/70.
Figure 3. SEM image of the samples with different ratios of ZrO2.Y2O3/β-TCP. A1: 50/50, A2: 40/60, and A3: 30/70.
Figure 4. SEM image of the cross section of the bridges for samples with different ratios of ZrO2.Y2O3/β-TCP. A1: 50/50, A2: 40/60, and A3: 30/70.
Figure 4. SEM image of the cross section of the bridges for samples with different ratios of ZrO2.Y2O3/β-TCP. A1: 50/50, A2: 40/60, and A3: 30/70.
Figure 5. EDAX image of distribution of zirconium and calcium from ZrO2.Y2O3/β-TCP in the samples with different ratios of ZrO2.Y2O3/β-TCP. A1: 50/50, A2: 40/60, and A3: 30/70.
Figure 5. EDAX image of distribution of zirconium and calcium from ZrO2.Y2O3/β-TCP in the samples with different ratios of ZrO2.Y2O3/β-TCP. A1: 50/50, A2: 40/60, and A3: 30/70.
Figure 6. The porosity and density diagram for samples with different ratios of ZrO2.Y2O3/β-TCP. A1: 50/50, A2: 40/60, and A3: 30/70.
Figure 6. The porosity and density diagram for samples with different ratios of ZrO2.Y2O3/β-TCP. A1: 50/50, A2: 40/60, and A3: 30/70.
Figure 7. The stress-strain curves for samples with different ratios of ZrO2.Y2O3/β-TCP. A1: 50/50, A2: 40/60, and A3: 30/70.
Figure 7. The stress-strain curves for samples with different ratios of ZrO2.Y2O3/β-TCP. A1: 50/50, A2: 40/60, and A3: 30/70.
Figure 8. Flow cytometric analysis of isolated EnSC for mesenchymal stem cell markers (CD90, CD105, and CD44), haemopoietic marker (CD34 and CD133), endothelial marker (CD31) and ES cell marker (OCT4). As shown the isolated cells are positive for CD90, CD105, CD44, and OCT4 and are negative for CD31, CD34.
Figure 8. Flow cytometric analysis of isolated EnSC for mesenchymal stem cell markers (CD90, CD105, and CD44), haemopoietic marker (CD34 and CD133), endothelial marker (CD31) and ES cell marker (OCT4). As shown the isolated cells are positive for CD90, CD105, CD44, and OCT4 and are negative for CD31, CD34.
Figure 9. Osteogenic capacity under in vitro condition (A, B), immunocytochemistry for osteocyte special marker osteopontin (C) and osteocalsin (D) [Scale bar: 100 μm], evaluation of gene expression of critical genes (SPP1, ALP, SPARC) for osteoconductivity by Real time PCR in 3D culture condition (E).
Figure 9. Osteogenic capacity under in vitro condition (A, B), immunocytochemistry for osteocyte special marker osteopontin (C) and osteocalsin (D) [Scale bar: 100 μm], evaluation of gene expression of critical genes (SPP1, ALP, SPARC) for osteoconductivity by Real time PCR in 3D culture condition (E).
Figure 10. MTT result after 3 and 6 days co-culture ESC and ZrO2/β-TCP composite. Y2O3/β-TCP in the samples with different ratios of ZrO2.Y2O3/β-TCP. A1: 50/50, A2: 40/60, and A3: 30/70.
Figure 10. MTT result after 3 and 6 days co-culture ESC and ZrO2/β-TCP composite. Y2O3/β-TCP in the samples with different ratios of ZrO2.Y2O3/β-TCP. A1: 50/50, A2: 40/60, and A3: 30/70.
Figure 11. Immunocytochemistry for the expression of osteoblast markers, 6 days after the implantation of differentiated cells on the scaffolds. Osteopontin (A: osteopontin specificity marker, B: 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride, and C: negative control) and osteocalsin (D: osteocalcin specificity marker, E: 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride, and F: negative control); Scale bar: 100 μm.
Figure 11. Immunocytochemistry for the expression of osteoblast markers, 6 days after the implantation of differentiated cells on the scaffolds. Osteopontin (A: osteopontin specificity marker, B: 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride, and C: negative control) and osteocalsin (D: osteocalcin specificity marker, E: 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride, and F: negative control); Scale bar: 100 μm.
Figure 12. SEM images of the culture ESC on ZrO2/β-TCP composite (Y2O3/β-TCP: 30/70) in different magnifications (A: 250X, B: 500X, C: 1000X, and D: 5000X).
Figure 12. SEM images of the culture ESC on ZrO2/β-TCP composite (Y2O3/β-TCP: 30/70) in different magnifications (A: 250X, B: 500X, C: 1000X, and D: 5000X).

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