Influence of selected variables on fabrication of Triamcinolone acetonide loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for topical treatment of dermal disorders

Figures & data

Table I. Formulation design for SLNs.

	Parameters
S.N.	HT (min)	SC (%w/v)	LC (%w/v)	ST (min)	DC (%w/v)	HS (rpm)
1	1, 2.5, 5 and 10	1	2	10	0.05	15 000
2	5	0.5, 1, 2 and 4	2	10	0.05	15 000
3	5	1	1, 2, 5 and 10	10	0.05	15 000
4	5	1	2	5, 10, 15 and 20	0.05	15 000
5	5	1	2	10	0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1 and 0.2	15 000
6	5	1	2	10	0.05	5000, 10 000, 15 000 and 20 000

*Where, HT = Homogenization time, SC = Surfactant concentration, LC = Lipid concentration, ST = Sonication time, DC = Drug concentration and HS = Homogenizer speed.

Figure 1. Solubility study of drug (Triamcinolone acetonide) in various lipids.

Table II. Size, PDI, ZP, EE, and L of the drug loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (data represent mean ± SD).

Variables	Size (nm)	PDI	ZP (-mV)	EE (%)	L (%)
Homogenization time (min)
1	120.9 ± 0.023	0.215	32.1 ± 0.51	77.34 ± 1.31	1.925 ± 0.021
2.5	114.51 ± 0.162	0.212	33.6 ± 0.46	78.13 ± 0.06	1.90 ± 0.042
5	116.32 ± 0.231	0.215	34.2 ± 0.11	80.26 ± 0.11	2.0 ± 0.023
10	129.51 ± 0.143	0.561	33.8 ± 0.62	81.19 ± 1.21	2.02 ± 0.046
Surfactant concentration (% w/v)
0.5	201.21 ± 1.42	0.359	33.4 ± 0.16	78.36 ± 0.21	1.92 ± 0.062
1	116.32 ± 0.231	0.215	34.2 ± 0.11	80.26 ± 0.11%	2.0 ± 0.023
2	103.22 ± 0.09	0.452	29.9 ± 0.91	83.12 ± 1.23	2.075 ± 0.76
4	94.16 ± 0.16	0.564	29.2 ± 0.8	83.85 ± 2.11	2.081 ± 0.62
Lipid concentration (% w/v)
1	96.32 ± 0.13	0.515	28.2 ± 0.91	62.02 ± 0.41	3.1 ± 0.043
2	116.32 ± 0.231	0.215	34.2 ± 0.11	80.26 ± 0.11	2.0 ± 0.023
5	221.38 ± 2.10	0.218	36.1 ± 0.51	85.15 ± 1.47	0.70 ± 0.012
10	388.41 ± 1.13	0.316	39.8 ± 0.41	89.12 ± 2.22	0.63 ± 0.062
Sonication time (min)
5	228.31 ± 2.14	0. 621	39.1 ± 0.16	69.23 ± 1.13	1.72 ± 0.031
10	116.32 ± 0.231	0.215	34.2 ± 0.11	80.26 ± 0.11	2.0 ± 0.023
15	99.54 ± 0.29	0.211	28.1 ± 0.81	81.06 ± 2. 72	2.02 ± 0.024
20	96.61 ± 2.82	0.203	27.4 ± 0.8	82.52 ± 0.39	2.05 ± 0.036
Drug concentration (% w/v)
0.00	94.01 ± 1.92	0.045	33.1 ± 0.1	-----	------
0.025	101.36 ± 1.76	0.096	33.3 ± 21	82.31 ± 1.19	1.02 ± 0.042
0.05	116.32 ± 0.231	0.215	34.2 ± 0.11	80.26 ± 0.11	2.0 ± 0.023
0.075	145.25 ± 1.73	0.321	35.8 ± 0.13	68.18 ± 3.54	2.55 ± 0.056
0.100	182.32 ± 0.58	0.489	39.2 ± 0.26	61.41 ± 2.12	3.05 ± 0.019
0.200	234.21 ± 0.80	0.723	42.2 ± 0.13	30.19 ± 1.18	3.00 ± 0.043
Homogenizer speed (rpm)
5000	134.12 ± 0.65	0.313	33. 1 ± 39	82.42 ± 1.56	2.02 ± 0.035
10 000	117.13 ± 1.23	0.218	34.9 ± 61	81.35 ± 2.13	2.02 ± 0.021
15 000	116.32 ± 0.231	0.215	34.2 ± 0.11	80.26 ± 0.11	2.0 ± 0.023
20 000	115.41 ± 2.25	0.207	35.8 ± 0.26	80.12 ± 2.24	2.0 ± 0.012

Figure 2. (a) Mean particle size and polydispersity index of selected batch formulation; (b) Zeta potential of the formulation of the selected batch.

Figure 3. TEM image of the selected batch of TA loaded solid lipid nanoparticle.

Figure 4. XRD analysis. (a) Pure TA (b) Compritol^® 888ATO (c) Physical mixture of TA and Compritol^® 888ATO (d) TA loaded SLNs.

Figure 5. DSC thermograms. (a) Pure Compritol 888 (b) Pure TA (c) Physical mixture of TA and Compritol 888 ATO (d) TA loaded SLNs.

Figure 6. Drug release profile from pure TA suspension and drug loaded SLNs suspension in phosphate buffer (7.4pH).

Figure 7. In vitro skin distribution study of pure TA suspension and TA loaded SLNs suspension.

Table III. Stability study of selected formulation.

Storage	Particle size (nm)	PDI	ZP (-mV)	EE (%)	L (%)
Fresh	114.4 ± 1.32	0.018	35.8 ± 0.61	82.21 ± 1.32	1.71 ± 0.032
3 months	118.5 ± 0.16	0.211	32.1 ± 1.24	80.11 ± 1.41	1.68 ± 0.059