Ciprofloxacin HCl-loaded calcium carbonate nanoparticles: preparation, solid state characterization, and evaluation of antimicrobial effect against Staphylococcus aureus

Figures & data

Figure 1. Particle size distribution of the prepared nanoparticles: (A) blank CaCO₃ nanoparticles and (B) ciprofloxacin HCl-loaded CaCO₃ nanoparticles.

Figure 2. SEM images of the prepared nanoparticles: (A) blank CaCO₃ nanoparticles and (B) ciprofloxacin HCl-loaded CaCO₃ nanoparticles.

Figure 3. Zeta potential of the prepared nanoparticles: (A) blank CaCO₃ nanoparticles and (B) ciprofloxacin HCl-loaded CaCO₃ nanoparticles.

Figure 4. XRPD patterns of (A) pure ciprofloxacin HCl, (B) CaCO₃ nanoparticles, (C) physical mixture of ciprofloxacin HCl and CaCO₃ nanoparticles and (D) ciprofloxacin HCl-loaded CaCO₃ nanoparticles.

Figure 5. DSC thermograms of (A) pure ciprofloxacin HCl, (B) CaCO₃ nanoparticles, (C) physical mixture ciprofloxacin HCl and CaCO₃ nanoparticles and (D) ciprofloxacin HCl-loaded CaCO₃ nanoparticles.

Figure 6. FTIR spectra of (A) pure ciprofloxacin HCl, (B) CaCO₃ nanoparticles, (C) physical mixture of ciprofloxacin HCl and CaCO₃ nanoparticles and (D) ciprofloxacin HCl-loaded CaCO₃ nanoparticles.

Figure 7. Drug release profile for ciprofloxacin HCl, physical mixture of ciprofloxacin HCl and CaCO₃ nanoparticles, and ciprofloxacin HCl-loaded CaCO₃ nanoparticles. Each point is the average of three replications and the vertical bars represent standard deviations.