Economic burden of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in patients with cystic fibrosis

Figures & data

Figure 1.  Sample selection of CF subjects with PA infection.

Table 1.  Sample characteristics of CF patients with PA infection in the MarketScan claims and encounters database.

	Frequency (n = 358)	Percentage
Age, in years
Total (mean, SD)	20.1 (15.5)
0–4	38	10.6
5–9	61	17
10–14	63	17.6
15–19	68	19
20–29	46	12.9
30–44	45	12.6
45–64	37	10.3
Gender
Male	186	52
Female	172	48
Insurance Plan Type
HMO	59	16.5
POS	65	18.2
PPO	201	56.1
Comprehensive	21	5.9
Other	12	3.3
Region
Northeast	45	12.6
North Central	110	30.7
South	123	34.4
West	80	22.3
Comorbidity/complication
Diabetes	52	14.5
Pancreatic insufficiency	241	67.3
GERD	27	7.5
Liver Transplant	1	0.3
Lung Transplant	17	4.7
Osteoporosis	11	3.1
Chronic Sinusitis	71	19.8

HMO, Health Maintenance Organization; POS, Point of Service; PPO, Preferred Provider Organization; GERD, gastroesophageal reflux disorder.

Table 2.  Average annual per-patient healthcare costs and resource utilization among CF patients pre- and post-PA infection.

Resource use	Pre PA Infection				Post PA Infection				p-value*
	Mean	Median	IQR	SD	Mean	Median	IQR	SD
Overall costs
Total	33,305	20,036	27,264	55,090	51,821	36,046	45,569	59,131	<0.0001
Inpatient visits	8,885	0	0	42,712	17,465	0	16,897	45,272	<0.0001
Emergency room visits	185	0	0	704	237	0	0	724	0.0678
Outpatient visits	8,397	3,748	6,394	19,976	13,445	7,730	12,976	19,824	<0.0001
Prescription claims	15,839	10,914	22,355	16,496	20,673	17,121	25,725	18,228	<0.0001
Overall utilization
Inpatient visits	0.54	0.00	0.00	1.93	1.29	0.00	1.00	4.12	<0.0001
Emergency room visits	0.27	0.00	0.00	0.70	0.34	0.00	0.00	0.85	0.2125
Outpatient visits	18.27	12.00	15.00	24.15	21.67	15.00	17.00	20.31	<0.0001
Prescription claims	34.10	26.00	33.00	30.77	39.21	29.00	41.00	32.49	<0.0001
Unique prescription claims	10.97	10.00	9.00	6.82	12.72	12.00	10.00	7.50	<0.0001

CF, Cystic Fibrosis; PA, Pseudomonas aeruginosa; IQR, Inter quartile range.

*Based on Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

Figure 2.  (a) Overall post-PA infection direct medical costs. (b) Overall PA-related post-PA infection direct medical costs.