Breastfeeding, introduction of other foods and effects on health: a systematic literature review for the 5th Nordic Nutrition Recommendations

Figures & data

Table 1 Reported breastfeeding rates (% exclusive and any breastfeeding) among children born in the Nordic countries (in Denmark little data are available and only proportion of full breastfeeding at 1, 4, and 6 months is available)

	1 w		1 m		2 m		3 m		4 m		5 m		6 m		9 m	12m
	Excl	Any	Excl	Any	Excl	Any	Excl	Any	Excl	Any	Excl	Any	Excl	Any	Any	Any
Denmark^1		95	80						60				12
Finland^2			46	87	39	80	34	77	23	68	9	66	0	58	39	34
Iceland^3	86	98	87	94	80	91	67	86	63	84	35	79	8	74	45	27
Norway^4			82	95	73	91	63	88	46	85	25	82	9	80	63	46
Sweden^5	83	97			67	87			51	76			11	63	34	16

¹Children born in 2008 and 2009 in 14 municipalities in Denmark (4).

²Children born in 2010 Finland. Health and Welfare report 2012 (5).

³Children born in 2005–06 in Iceland. Nationwide randomized cohort (6) and in 2004–08, Directorate general of Health, Iceland (7).

⁴Children born in 2006 in Norway. National dietary surveys (8, 9).

⁵Children born in 2010 in Sweden. National statistics 2012 (10).

Fig. 1 Overview search results of SLR on breastfeeding/introduction of other foods and health outcomes

Christensen AM, Sjöberg Brixval C, Svendsen M, Laursen B, Holstein BE. Årsrapport for børn født i 2008 og 2009 fra Databasen Børns Sundhed: Amning i 14 kommuner. 2011; København: Styregruppen for Databasen Børns Sundhed og Statens Institut for Folkesundhed. (Annual Report for children born in 2008 and 2009 from database Children's Health Denmark: Breastfeeding in 14 municipalities) [In Danish].

 Google Scholar

Uusitalo L, Nyberg H, Pelkonen M, Sarlio-Lähteenkorva S, Hakulinen-Viitanen T, Virtanen S. Imeväisikäisten ruokinta Suomessa vuonna 2010 (Infant feeding in Finland in 2010) [In Finnish, short summary in Swedish]. 2012; Helsinki: Juvenes Print.

 Google Scholar

Thorisdottir AV, Thorsdottir I, Palsson GI. Nutrition and iron status of 1-year olds following a revision in infant dietary recommendations. Anemia. 2011; 2011: 986303.

 Google Scholar

Sigbjörnsdóttir HB. Gunnarsdóttir BE. Brjóstagjöf ungbarna. Fréttabréf landlæknis um heilbrig[acaron]isupplýsingar. (Breastfeeding in infancy. . Newsletter from Directorate of Health on Health Statistics) (In Icelandic). 2012; 6(3): 1.

 Google Scholar

Øverby NC, Kristiansen AL, Andersen LF, Lande B. Spedkost 12 måneder. (Norwegian national dietary survey among infants at 12 months) (In Norwegian). 2009; Oslo: Directorate of Health.

 Google Scholar

Øverby NC, Kristiansen AL, Andersen LF, Lande B. Spedkost 6 måneder. (Norwegian national dietary survey among infants at 6 months) (In Norwegian). 2008; Oslo: Directorate of Health.

 Google Scholar

Official Statistics of Sweden. Statistics – Health and Medical Care. Amning och föräldrars rökvanor – Barn födda 2010 [Breast-feeding and smoking habits among parents of infants born in 2010. 2012. Summary available in English]. http://www.socialstyrelsen.se/Lists/Artikelkatalog/Attachments/18809/2012-8-13.pdf [cited 20 February 2013]..

 Google Scholar