Well-Being of Obese Individuals: Therapeutic Perspectives

Figures & data

Figure 1. Notion of psychobiological well-being (healthy zone) situated between the risks of excess weight gain and excess weight loss.

Table 1. History of drug treatments for obesity by date of approval/withdrawal.

Date	Drug	Serious adverse events
1893/1949	Thyroid hormone	Hyperthyroidism
1933/1935	Dinitrophenol	Cataracts and neuropathy
1937/1971	Amfetamine	Addiction and psychosis
1965/1972	Aminorex	Pulmonary hypertension
1973/1997	Fenfluramine plus phentermine	Cardiac valvular insufficiency
1960/2000 (USA)^†	Phenylpropanolamine	Hemorrhagic stroke
2006/2009	Rimonabant	Depression and suicidal ideation
1997/2010	Sibutramine	Cardiovascular disease

^†Phenylpropanolamine is still available in some European countries.

Reproduced with permission from [19].

Table 2. Promising compounds in clinical development for the treatment of obesity.

Product name/company	Product type	Code
Qnexa^®	Vivus	Phentermine and topiramate
Contrave	Orexigen^® Therapeutics	Bupropion and naltrexone
Lorcaserin	Arena Pharmaceuticals	5-HT2C agonist
Tesofensine	NeuroSearch	NA/DA/5HT reuptake inhibitor
Liraglutide	Novo Nordisk	GLP-1 analogue
Velneperit	Shionogi	NPY Y5 receptor antagonist
Empatic	Orexigen^® Therapeutics	Bupropion and zonisamide
Dov 21947	Dov Pharmaceuticals	NA/DA/5-HT reuptake inhibitor

5-HT: 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors (serotonin receptors); DA: Dopamine; GLP-1: Glucagon-like peptide 1; NA: Noradrenalin; NPY: Neuropeptide Y.

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