Challenges of assessing the clinical efficacy of asexual blood-stage Plasmodium falciparum malaria vaccines

Figures & data

Table 1. Relative merits of various P. Falciparum chmi models

	Sporozoite – mosquito bite	Sporozoite – injection	Blood-stage
Mimicking natural route of infection	Yes	No	No
Ability to control inoculum size	+/−	++	+++
Life-cycle stages amenable to study	Sporozoite (skin and blood) Liver-Stage Blood-Stage	Sporozoite (blood) Liver-Stage Blood-Stage	Blood-Stage
Availability	Limited trial centers	Potential for widespread use	Potential for widespread use
Duration of blood-stage parasite exposure	Short (2–4 d)	Variable (2–8 d)	Longer (8–9 d)
Reliably achieves 100% infection	+++	++	+++