Introduction
Despite differences in scientific concepts, Karl Wittmaack has been described as “the true founder of experimental otological pathology”. As Head of the Grossherzogliche Hals-Nasen-Ohrenklinik in Jena early in the 20th century and later at Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde University Clinic in Hamburg, Wittmaack contributed significantly to pioneering work in otology. His name still appears in the international literature related to various otological entities and the development of a unique temporal bone bank.
In the present paper Wittmaack investigated the relationship between the organ of Corti and the unmyelinated nerves, which we now know are connected with the outer hair cells. He emphasizes the significance of the unmyelinated nerves for a satisfactory hearing process. The supporting cells of Corti's organ appear to be less important for the retention of a functioning organ than is the nerve–hair cell connection. In his endeavours to gather information, Wittmaack also described a unique collaboration regarding experimental animal material with scientists at the Pavlov Institute at Leningrad.
