Electrochemical Determination of Uric Acid Using a Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Platinum–Nickel Alloy Glassy Carbon Electrode

ABSTRACT

Platinum–nickel nanoparticles were synthesized by a reduction procedure. The Pt–Ni/C composite was characterized by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and electrochemical analysis. The measurements show that the Pt–Ni/multiwalled carbon nanotubes provided higher electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of uric acid than Pt–Ni/carbon black. The sensor prepared from the characterized material provided a long linear dynamic range from 0.1 to 240.4 µM with a detection limit of 0.03 µM and a sensitivity of 41.21 µA mM⁻¹ cm⁻². The reported modified electrode also provided excellent selectivity, good stability, and satisfactory reproducibility for the determination of uric acid.

KEYWORDS:

• Cyclic voltammetry
• electrochemistry
• multiwalled carbon nanotubes
• Pt–Ni/multiwalled carbon nanotube composite
• uric acid sensor