https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1886-8089
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Abstract
The aim of this article is a political-geographical analysis of political and economic relations between the Slovak Republic and the countries of the world from 1993 to 2019. We spatially analyze more than 15,000 trips of Slovak government officials to countries around the world and their relation to foreign trade. Using the statistical method of correlation, we examine the degree of relationship between trade indicators and political interactions (represented by government visits) in more than 150 countries around the world. We cartographically define spatial concentration, especially the high direct correlation between trade and trips, and examine the factors and causes of this correlation on the example of selected countries with significant values. The countries of the Eastern Partnership, the Middle East, the Western Balkans, and East Asia have the highest correlation coefficients. Our article seeks to contribute to the discussion on the effectiveness of economic diplomacy using geographical approaches.
针对1993年至2019年斯洛伐克共和国与世界各国的政治经济关系, 本文进行了政治地理学分析。从空间上分析了斯洛伐克政府官员对世界各国的15,000余次出访及其与对外贸易的关系。通过相关性统计分析, 研究了全球150多个国家的贸易指标与政治互动(政府访问)的关系程度。从地图上定义了空间集中程度, 尤其是贸易和出访的高度直接相关性；针对具有统计显著性的国家, 研究了这种相关性的因素和原因。东部伙伴关系(Eastern Partnership)、中东、西巴尔干和东亚国家的相关系数最高。本文采用地理学方法, 探讨了经济外交的有效性。
El propósito de este artículo es hacer un análisis político-geográfico de las relaciones políticas y económicas entre la República Eslovaca y los países del mundo, entre 1993 y 2019. Analizamos espacialmente más de 15.000 viajes de funcionarios del gobierno eslovaco hacia otros países del mundo, y su relación con el comercio extranjero. Mediante el uso del método estadístico de la correlación, examinamos el grado de la relación entre los indicadores comerciales y las interacciones políticas (representadas por las visitas gubernamentales) en más de 150 países alrededor del mundo. Cartográficamente definimos la concentración espacial, especialmente la alta correlación directa entre el comercio y los viajes, y examinamos los factores y causas de tal correlación en el ejemplo de los países seleccionados con valores significativos. Los países que conforman la Compañía Oriental, el Oriente Medio, los Balcanes Occidentales y el Asia Oriental tienen los más altos coeficientes de correlación. Nuestro artículo busca contribuir a la discusión sobre la efectividad de la diplomacia económica utilizando enfoques geográficos.
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Notes on contributors
Filip Šandor
FILIP ŠANDOR is a PhD Candidate in the Department of Regional Geography and Regional Development, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842, Slovak Republic. E-mail: [email protected]. His research interests include the foreign policy of the Slovak Republic, international relations, and world geopolitics.
Daniel Gurňák
DANIEL GURŇÁK is an Associate Professor in the Department of Regional Geography and Regional Development, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovičova 6, 842, Slovak Republic. E-mail: [email protected]. His research interests include the historical and political geography and changes of political and administrative borders.
Matúš Bilka
MATÚŠ BILKA is a PhD Graduate of the Department of Economic Policy, University of Economics in Bratislava, Dolnozemská cesta 1, Bratislava, 852 35, Slovak Republic. E-mail: [email protected]. His expertise lies in the field of economic policy, with a special focus on market structure and competition. Other areas of focus include financial markets, household economics, and the labor market.