Microwave-Promoted Facile and Rapid Synthesis Procedure for the Efficient Synthesis of 5,5-Disubstituted Hydantoins

Abstract

A fast, general, environmentally friendly, and facile method for preparation of 5, 5-disubstituted hydantoins from the reaction between ketone (or aldehyde) derivatives with KCN and ammonium carbonate under microwave irradiation is presented. The microwaves remarkably accelerated this reaction, the reaction times decreased dramatically, the reaction conditions were milder, and the yields were also greater. Also a comparative study of microwave versus classical conditions has been done. All the products were characterized by infrared, NMR, and CHN analysis, and their melting points are identical to those of the known compounds reported in the literature. This method might be useful in the future for the preparation of similar derivatives.

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GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Keywords:

• Bucherer–Bergs reaction
• hydantoin
• microwave irradiation
• multi-component reaction

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

We gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Research Council of University of Kashan by Grant No. 256722/16.

Notes

^a Ref. 19.

^b Ref. 20.

^c Ref. 21.

^d Ref. 22.

^e Ref. 23.

^f Ref. 24.

^g Ref. 25.