Synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridine esters using low-melting sugar mixtures as green solvents

ABSTRACT

Several low-melting sugar mixtures (LMMs) were synthesized and used for preparation of 1,4-dihydropyridines with aldehydes, 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, and a nitrogen source as starting materials. Good yields, low reaction times, recyclability of LMMs, and catalyst-free methodology are some of the highlights of this new protocol.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS:

• 1,4-Dihydropyridines
• green solvents
• low-melting sugar mixtures
• MCRs

Acknowledgements

J. Ashwin Kumar was a National Initiative on Undergraduate Science (NIUS) chemistry fellow (Batch XI, 2014-2016) at Homi Bhabha Centre for Science Education (TIFR). The authors thank the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, for providing the NMR spectra and the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay for HRMS spectra.