Mini-review on the synthesis of Biginelli analogs using greener heterogeneous catalysis: Recent strategies with the support or direct catalyzing of inorganic catalysts

Abstract

The present review covers the summary of recent progress in designing and developing Biginelli reaction strategies particularly the greener strategies with higher yields, short times and simple work-up, in which the inorganic materials such as alumina, silica gel or zeolite directly or having doped with other reagents were used as catalysts for such a type of transformations. Moreover, several aspects and available references of heterogeneous catalysis using inorganic catalysts in promoting reactions are provided briefly in this review. There is also a concise account covering the better alternative syntheses and some of improved and robust protocols of biginelli reaction for the preparation of dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one/thiones analogs.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Keywords:

• Biginelli analogs
• greener heterogeneous catalysis
• inorganic catalysts
• solvent free system

Acknowledgments

The author is thankful to Prof. R. S. Kusurkar for helpful guidance and department of industrial chemistry, Hajjah University, MOHE for their cooperation.