Abstract
Tricyclic fused-quinoline ring system belongs to a fascinating and versatile class of heterocycles that demonstrates a wide spectrum of biological activities such as anti-malarial, anti-microbial, anti-viral, anti-cancer, analgesic, anthelmintic, cardiovascular, anti-hypoglycaemic, etc. Tricyclic fused-quinolines like pyrroloquinolines, pyranoquinolines, pyrimidoquinolines, furoquinolines, imidazoquinolines, pyrazoloquinolines, thienoquinolines, etc. can be synthesized via a number of efficacious synthetic routes that include mostly multicomponent reactions, transition metal catalysis, Lewis and Bronsted acid catalysis and microwave-assisted reactions. In this review, the focus has been placed on these methods along with various factors affecting yields, stereo- and regioselectivities of products and applications of these protocols to achieve valuable candidates reported during the last five years.
Graphical abstract
Acknowledgements
The authors acknowledge the support from “Government College University, Faisalabad” and “Higher Education Commission of Pakistan.”