Synthetic approaches for cyclohexane-1,3-diones: A versatile precursor for bioactive molecules

Abstract

Cyclohexane-1,3-dione derivatives are considered as a key structural precursor for the synthesis of plethora of synthetically significant compounds such as 4H-chromenones, 2H-xanthenones, coumarins, enaminones, acridinedione, 1,4-dihydropyridine, different other heterocycles, and natural products. These compounds show the diverse range of biological activities that include herbicidal, pesticidal, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, analgesic, anti-convulsant, anti-viral, anti-plasmodial, anti-malarial, anti-allergic, anti-cancer, etc. This versatility in the chemistry of cyclohexan-1,3-dione and its derivatives is due to the presence of highly active methylene moiety and its active di-carbonyl groups. There are only few reviews in the literature published on the synthetic application of cyclohexane-1,3-diones, but not on the synthesis of cyclohexane-1,3-dione and its derivatives. Keeping the importance of cyclohexane-1,3-dione derivatives in view, we inspired to do a compilation of their synthetic methods from different precursors, which are mainly published in last two decades.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Acetone derivatives
• acrylic ester derivatives
• bio-active molecules
• cyclohexane-1,3-dione derivatives
• Michael–Claisen strategy

Acknowledgment

D. S. would like to acknowledge the support of the Principal, Jagdish Chandra DAV College, Dasuya, Distt. Hoshiarpur, Punjab, India. M. K. has a special thanks to the Principal Govt. College Seraj at Lambathach, District Mandi, HP, India; for providing basic amenities during the course of the work. P. D. is grateful to the Director of CSIR-IHBT for providing the necessary facilities during the work. CSIR-IHBT Communication No. 4774.

Additional information

Funding

P. D. is grateful to the Director of CSIR-IHBT for providing financial support by CSIR-IHBT in-house project, MLP0203.