Turbulent Eulerian–Eulerian simulation and Taguchi optimization of twin oblique nanofluid jets injecting into a water cross-flow

Abstract

In this work, a turbulent Eulerian–Eulerian description is utilised to simulate the injection of twin oblique jets of alumina–water nanofluid into a water cross-flow. This technique can be considered as a heat transfer enhancement strategy in cooling technologies. A Taguchi optimization study is undertaken to determine the optimal combination of the involved control factors to achieve the highest heat transfer rate and to explore the contribution ratio of each factor. Inspection of the simulation results demonstrates that about 70% of the contribution on the final response belongs to the velocity and the angle of the first jet. Meanwhile, it is elucidated that the presence of the nanoparticles in the injected jets may not alter the heat transfer rate more than 6%. This indicates that with proper selection of the velocity and the angle of the jets (especially the first one), the need to utilise nanofluids will be eliminated.

KEYWORDS:

• Nanofluid
• turbulent flow
• two-phase flow
• Eulerian–Eulerian model
• Taguchi method

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).