A study on preterm births during 2013–2015, Shiraz, Iran

Abstract

Preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal and infant mortality and a substantial portion of neonatal morbidities. The perinatal mortality and morbidity statistics in developing countries are inadequate. In this study, we assessed prevalence and health outcomes of preterm deliveries in tertiary care university hospitals. A retrospective study of hospital records of premature babies born in all the five governmental tertiary care settings during the time interval of 2013–2015 in Shiraz was conducted. Result of this study showed that there was an overall 127.6 premature births per 1000 live births in the study duration. 23.8% of premature newborn had RDS and Incidence of prematurity with RDS was 82.4 per thousand live births. 52.6% of premature newborns were hospitalised in NICU and 8.5% had ROP. Five percent suffered from sepsis and 1% suffered from NEC. Overall mortality was nearly 10% of all the premature newborn. In conclusion, this study showed that premature births and its complications for newborn need to be addressed more in Iran.

Impact statement

• Preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidities. Mortality and morbidity statistics related to preterm infants are important healthcare indicators implying the quality of the perinatal health care system and are prerequisite for the identification of problems and implementation of preventive measures. However, the perinatal mortality and morbidity statistics in developing countries are inadequate.

• The aim of this study was to assess prevalence and health outcome of preterm deliveries in tertiary care university hospitals in Shiraz city, Iran.

• This study showed that prematurity rate was 12.7%. Among preterm cases, 52.6% were admitted to NICU. RDS occurred among 23.8% of the total premature neonates and 8.2% of the total live births. The incidence of NEC was 1/0% of the total premature neonates and 0.4% of the total live births. The incidence of sepsis was 5% of the premature neonates and 1.9% of the total live births and the incidence of ROP was 8.5% among the premature neonate. The overall mortality of premature neonates was 9.9% of the total premature neonates and 1.2% of the total live births.

• Rigorous measures for prevention of premature births and its complications for newborns are required in Iran.

Keywords:

• Preterm delivery
• premature neonate
• Iran
• retinopathy of prematurity
• neonate mortality

Acknowledgements

The authors thank Dr. Alfered Neumann, senior professor at UCLA, for supervising the research and Dr. Seyyed Mostajab Razavi, Assistant professor Neonatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, for availing the secondary data.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.