Survival and consciousness recovery are better in the minimally conscious state than in the vegetative state

ABSTRACT

Background: The prognosis value of early clinical diagnosis of consciousness impairment is documented by an extremely limited number of studies, whereas it may convey important information to guide medical decisions.

Objective: We aimed at determining if patients diagnosed at an early stage (<90 days after brain injury) as being in the minimally conscious state (MCS) have a better prognosis than patients in the vegetative state/Unresponsive Wakefulness syndrome (VS/UWS), independent of care limitations or withdrawal decisions.

Methods: Patients hospitalized in ICUs of the Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital (Paris, France) from November 2008 to January 2011 were included and evaluated behaviourally with standardized assessment and with the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised as being either in the VS/UWS or in the MCS. They were then prospectively followed until 1July 2011 to evaluate their outcome with the GOSE. We compared survival function and outcomes of these two groups.

Results: Both survival function and outcomes, including consciousness recovery, were significantly better in the MCS group. This difference of outcome still holds when considering only patients still alive at the end of the study.

Conclusions: Early accurate clinical diagnosis of VS/UWS or MCS conveys a strong prognostic value of survival and of consciousness recovery.

KEYWORDS:

• Clinical
• DOC patients
• outcomes
• prognosis

Declaration of interest

The authors report no declarations of interest.

Funding

This work has been supported by the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (‘Equipe FRM 2015ʹ grant, by the programme ‘Investissements d’avenir’ ANR-10-IAIHU-06, by the ‘ANR-CogniComa’, by the ANR 14-CE15-0013-04, by the ‘Recovery of consciousness after severe brain injury Phase II’ grant of the James S. McDonnell Foundation, and the “Grand Prix Lamonica de Neurologie” (Académie des Sciences to LN).

Additional information

Funding

This work has been supported by the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (‘Equipe FRM 2015ʹ grant, by the programme ‘Investissements d’avenir’ ANR-10-IAIHU-06, by the ‘ANR-CogniComa’, by the ANR 14-CE15-0013-04, by the ‘Recovery of consciousness after severe brain injury Phase II’ grant of the James S. McDonnell Foundation, and the “Grand Prix Lamonica de Neurologie” (Académie des Sciences to LN).