Mood-related changes in children and adolescents with persistent concussion symptoms following a six-week active rehabilitation program

ABSTRACT

Primary objective

The purpose of this study is to explore changes in mood in youth with persistent post-concussion symptoms following participation in a six-week active rehabilitation program.

Research design

A pre-post test design was used.

Methods and procedures

Participants (N = 40 children and adolescents with concussion symptoms >2 weeks post-injury) were recruited from the concussion services at an urban children’s rehabilitation hospital and the community. The program consisted of individualized low-intensity aerobic exercise, sport-specific drills, relaxation exercises and comprehensive education and support. The 6 week program was completed by participants in their home or local community with weekly check-ins with the research team. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and linear regressions.

Main outcomes and results

Outcome measures included the Beck Youth Inventories (youth), and the Child Behavior Checklist (parents). Results indicated significant improvements in anger and anxiety post-intervention with anger reduction being more pronounced in girls.

Conclusions

Active rehabilitation interventions may have positive effects on mood in youth recovering from concussion. Clinicians may wish to consider addressing anxiety and anger management strategies as part of comprehensive concussion management in youth.

KEYWORDS:

• Mild traumatic brain injury
• concussion
• intervention
• exercise
• youth
• adolescents
• mental health

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Scotiabank, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital and the David and Anne Ward Family.

Declaration of interest

The authors report no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by Scotiabank.