Chemo/radiotherapy-Induced Bone Marrow Niche Alterations

Abstract

Bone marrow (BM) niche is a specific microenvironment for hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) as well as non-hematopoietic cells. Evidence shows that chemo/radiotherapy can lead to the disruption of different properties of HSCs such as proliferation, differentiation, localization, self-renewa, and steady-state of cell populations. Investigations have shown that the deregulation of balance within the marrow cavity due to chemo/radiotherapy could lead to bone loss, abnormal hematopoiesis, and enhanced differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells towards the adipogenic lineage. Therefore, understanding the underlying mechanisms of chemo/radiotherapy induced BM niche changes may lead to the application of appropriate therapeutic agents to prevent BM niche defects.

Highlights

• Chemo/radiotherapy disrupts the steady-state of bone marrow niche cells and result in deregulation of normal balance of stromal cell populations.

• Chemo/radiotherapy agents play a significant role in reducing of bone formation as well as fat accumulation in the bone marrow niche.

• Targeting molecular pathways may lead to recovery of bone marrow niches after chemo/radiotherapy.

Keywords:

• Bone marrow niche
• chemotherapy
• radiotherapy

Acknowledgement

The authors thank all our colleagues in Allied Health Sciences School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences.

Research involving human participants and/or animals

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by the authors.

Informed consent

For this type of study, informed consent is not required.

Author contributions

N.S conceived the manuscript and revised it. H.R, M.M.B, S.A, N.F, and M.G.D wrote the manuscript and prepared the figure and tables.

Disclosure statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.