An Update on Dragged-Fovea Diplopia Syndrome

ABSTRACT

Dragged-fovea diplopia syndrome (DFDS) is a type of binocular double vision caused by a displacement of the fovea in one or both eyes due to retinal disorders including epiretinal membranes or other maculopathies. DFDS induces diplopia through a mismatch between peripheral motor fusion and central (foveal) fusion. It can be diagnosed by utilizing the Lights on – Lights off test. While there is no cure, there are treatments for DFDS including monocular occlusion or blurring (tape, lenses, IOL), Bangerter filter, and Fresnel prisms. While this syndrome has been identified in the literature by multiple names including central-peripheral Rivalry (CPR)-type diplopia, macular diplopia, and foveal displacement syndrome, this article works to summarize the current known characteristics, diagnostic tests, and treatment for this syndrome.

KEYWORDS:

• Binocular diplopia
• central-peripheral rivalry-type diplopia
• diplopia
• dragged-fovea diplopia syndrome
• macular dipacular diplopia

ABBREVIATION LIST

Dragged-fovea diplopia syndrome:

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DFDS

DISCLOSURE STATEMENT

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

The author(s) reported that there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.