Association Between Acquired Punctal Stenosis and Ocular Surface Disease: the Egg and the Chicken Story

ABSTRACT

Purpose

This study explores the relationship between acquired punctal stenosis (PS) and ocular surface disease (OSD), assessing causal mechanisms and clinical impacts, utilizing a combination of a comprehensive literature review and a detailed analysis of a patient cohort from a tertiary care center.

Methods

Data from 213 PS patients at Sheba Medical Center were retrospectively analyzed, evaluating various OSD symptoms and treatment effectiveness through standardized clinical assessments and statistical tests.

Results

Predominantly older and female, many patients exhibited bilateral PS. OSD symptoms were found in 35.2% of all patients. Treatments like punctoplasty with stents significantly alleviated symptoms. Significant associations between treatment modalities and symptom improvement were identified.

Conclusions

PS and OSD have acomplex, bidirectional relationship that complicates treatment outcomes. This study underscores the need for thorough diagnostic approaches and personalized treatments to improve PS management. Further research is essential to deepen understanding of PS-OSD interactions and develop effective therapies.

KEYWORDS:

• Chronic inflammation
• conjunctival irritation
• lacrimal drainage system
• ocular surface disease
• punctal stenosis

DISCLOSURE STATEMENT

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

The author(s) reported that there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.