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Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the acute hormonal responses to resistance training performed in the morning or in the evening. Eighteen active men underwent two lower body resistance exercise (RE) sessions (3 × 10 repetitions, maximum of four exercises) on two occasions (07:00 and 17:00 h). Blood samples were collected in the morning and evening before (BT), after (AT), and 60 min after (60-AT) the RE training session for the determination of testosterone (T) and cortisol (C) concentrations. The Δ-changes of T and C concentrations were calculated as the difference between AT and BT, the difference between 60-AT and BT, as well as the difference between 60-AT and AT. The results showed that T increased from BT to AT and decreased from AT to 60-AT at the two times of testing. However, T was higher in the evening and lower in morning at 60-AT compared with BT. C increased from BT to AT and 60-AT in the evening, and decreased from AT to 60-AT at the two times of testing. Likewise, Δ-changes of T and C concentrations between AT and BT and between 60-AT and BT were higher in the evening than in the morning. In conclusion, training-induced hormonal responses are observed to be greater in the evening than in the morning, which potentially provides a more favorable profile for anabolism.
Acknowledgments
The authors wish to express their sincere gratitude to all participants for their maximal effort and cooperation. The present study was financially supported by the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Tunisia.