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Abstract
Purpose: To detect the genotoxic effects of extremely low frequency (ELF) -magnetic fields (MF) on oxidative DNA base modifications [8-hydroxyguanine (8-OH-Gua), 2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-formamidopyrimidine (FapyGua) and 4,6-diamino-5-formamidopyrimidine (FapyAde)] in rat leucocytes, measured following exposure to ELF-MF.
Materials and methods: After exposure to ELF-MF (50 Hz, 100 and 500 μT, for 2 hours/day during 10 months), DNA was extracted, and measurement of DNA lesions was achieved by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS).
Results: Levels of FapyAde, FapyGua and 8OHdG in DNA were increased by both 100 μT and 500 μT ELF-MF as compared to a cage-control and a sham group; however, statistical significance was observed only in the group exposed to 100 μT.
Conclusion: This is the first study to report that ELF-MF exposure generates oxidatively induced DNA base modifications which are mutagenic in mammalian cells, such as FapyGua, FapyAde and 8-OH-Gua, in vivo. This may explain previous studies showing DNA damage and genomic instability. These findings support the hypothesis that chronic exposure to 50-Hz MF may be potentially genotoxic. However, the intensity of ELF-MF has an important influence on the extent of DNA damage.
| Abbreviations | ||
| ELF | = | extremely low frequency |
| MF | = | magnetic field |
| 8-OH-dG | = | 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine |
| 8-OH-Gua | = | 8-hydroxyguanine |
| FapyGua | = | 2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-formamidopyrimidine |
| FapyAde | = | 4,6-diamino-5-formamidopyrimidine |
| GC/MS | = | gas chromatography/mass spectrometry |
| LC/MS | = | liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry |
| ROS | = | reactive oxygen species |
| Abbreviations | ||
| ELF | = | extremely low frequency |
| MF | = | magnetic field |
| 8-OH-dG | = | 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine |
| 8-OH-Gua | = | 8-hydroxyguanine |
| FapyGua | = | 2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-formamidopyrimidine |
| FapyAde | = | 4,6-diamino-5-formamidopyrimidine |
| GC/MS | = | gas chromatography/mass spectrometry |
| LC/MS | = | liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry |
| ROS | = | reactive oxygen species |