Effect of eccentric exercise on markers of muscle damage in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

ABSTRACT

Background: Eccentric exercise may be considered as an attractive alternative to conventional exercise in pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, due to muscle damage associated with eccentric exercise, there has been reluctance in using this exercise form in PR.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of eccentric exercise on markers of muscle damage in patients with COPD.

Methods: We analyzed 14 patients with moderate-severe COPD and 14 age-matched healthy controls. Both groups performed submaximal eccentric exercise of the elbow flexors. Muscle soreness (MS), maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVC) of the elbow flexors, elbow range of motion (ROM), upper arm circumference (CIR), and biochemical markers such as creatine Kinase (CK) and lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured at pre-exercise, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h following submaximal eccentric exercise.

Results: There was a significant difference in markers of muscle damage, MS (p = .002), MVC (p < .001), ROM (p = .010), CIR (p < .001), and LDH (p = .001). However, no significant differences were observed in the activity of CK (p = .261) between COPD and control group following eccentric exercise which indicates greater degree of muscle damage in COPD as compared with control.

Conclusion: Sub-maximal eccentric exercise causes significantly greater muscle damage in elderly COPD patients than healthy controls. Therefore, initial exercise should be progressed with lower intensities to prevent undue muscle damage in these patients.

KEYWORDS:

• Eccentric exercise
• Muscle damage
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• Elbow flexors
• Creatine kinase
• Lactate dehydrogenase

Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank all the members of the Centre for Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, and Dr. Obaidullah Ahmed (PT) Metro Hospital and Multispeciality Institute Noida, India, for helping to make this study possible.

Disclosure Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.