SPORTS STARS: a practitioner-led, peer-group sports intervention for ambulant children with cerebral palsy. Activity and participation outcomes of a randomised controlled trial

Abstract

Purpose

To investigate the effectiveness of a practitioner-led, peer-group sports intervention for children with CP at GMFCS Level I–II.

Method

Children with CP (GMFCS I–II; 6–12 years) were randomised to Sports Stars or waitlist-control groups. Sports Stars included eight-weeks (eight hours) of physiotherapist-led, sports-specific gross motor activity training, sports education, teamwork development and confidence building. Sports participation was measured using self-identified participation goals (modified Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (mCOPM)). Physical competence was measured with mCOPM activity goals and high-level gross motor batteries (Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD-2); GMFM-Challenge) and walking (Timed-Up-and-Go), running (Muscle Power Sprint Test; 10x5m Sprint Test), jumping (Standing Broad Jump; Vertical Jump) and throwing (Seated Throw) items. General participation and quality of life were also measured. Outcomes were measured pre, post and 12-weeks post-intervention. Data were analysed using linear mixed models.

Results

Fifty-four children were randomised into Sports Stars (n = 29; GMFCS I = 7, II = 22; male = 19; 8.9 ± 2 years) or waitlist-control groups (n = 25; GMFCS I = 10, II = 15; male = 14; 8.6 ± 2 years). The Sports Stars group improved sports participation and activity goals (mCOPM F = 5.49–10.29, p < 0.001) and sports-specific physical competence (TGMD-2, F = 3.45–5.19, p = 0.001–0.009) compared to the waitlist-control.

Conclusion

Sports Stars is effective for improving sports-specific participation and physical competence for children with CP.

Implications for rehabilitation

1. Sports Stars improves performance and satisfaction in sports-specific participation and activity goals for ambulant children with CP.

2. Sports Stars improves sports-specific physical activity competence in locomotor and object control skills.

3. Sport-specific interventions should incorporate sport-specific gross motor activity training as well as sports education, confidence building and teamwork.

Keywords:

• Children
• physiotherapy
• RCT
• sport
• cerebral palsy
• group

Acknowledgements

The authors thank Sports Stars families and physiotherapists for their enthusiastic participation, and to CPL-Choice, Passion, Life and The University of Queensland for their considerable in-kind support.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Ethical approval

This study was approved by CPL-2016-004 and the University of Queensland: 2017000006.

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry

ACRN12617000313336

https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=371761&isReview=true

Additional information

Funding

CPL – Choice, Passion, Life, received funding from a Queensland Government Community Benefit Gambling Grant to provide the Sports Stars intervention for this study. The lead investigator, Georgina Clutterbuck was supported by an Australian Government Research Training Scholarship.