The implication of microbiome in lungs cancer: mechanisms and strategies of cancer growth, diagnosis and therapy

Abstract

Available evidence illustrates that microbiome is a promising target for the study of growth, diagnosis and therapy of various types of cancer. Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The relationship of microbiota and their products with diverse pathologic conditions has been getting large attention. The novel research suggests that the microbiome plays an important role in the growth and progression of lung cancer. The lung microbiome plays a crucial role in maintaining mucosal immunity and synchronizing the stability between tolerance and inflammation. Alteration in microbiome is identified as a critical player in the progression of lung cancer and negatively impacts the patient. Studies suggest that healthy microbiome is essential for effective therapy. Various clinical trials and research are focusing on enhancing the treatment efficacy by altering the microbiome. The regulation of microbiota will provide innovative and promising treatment strategies for the maintenance of host homeostasis and the prevention of lung cancer in lung cancer patients. In the current review article, we presented the latest progress about the involvement of microbiome in the growth and diagnosis of lung cancer. Furthermore, we also assessed the therapeutic status of the microbiome for the management and treatment of lung cancer.

Keywords:

• Lung cancer
• gut-lung axis
• microbiome
• lung biomarkers
• immunotherapies

Authors’ contributions

All authors contributed to the concept and design of this systematic review. A.B., Y.B., P.S. and S.K. involved in data collection, literature search, design of figures and tables, analysis and interpretation. A.A.C and S.K. independently screened the articles and identify eligible studies. All authors participated in drafting, reviewing, and approval of the final manuscript.

Disclosure statement

The authors confirm that they have no any competing financial or personal interests.

Additional information

Funding

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research & Innovation, Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia for funding this research through the project number IFP-IMSUI-2023063. The authors also appreciate the Deanship of Scientific Research at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) for supporting and supervising this project.