When to recommend a second autograft in patients with relapsed myeloma?

Abstract

In the current evolving landscape of myeloma therapies, no recommended salvage strategy exists for patients with relapsed multiple myeloma (MM) after initial successful autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) and therapeutic options extend from conventional chemotherapy and novel agents to second autologous and allogeneic transplants. In this article, we summarize the documented evidence about the utilization of second ASCT in patients with relapsed MM after a primary auto-graft and discuss the correct timing for such a salvage approach, the individual characteristics of patients who will benefit more, as well as the therapeutic role of second ASCT in the modern era of forthcoming anti-myeloma treatments.

Keywords:

• Second ASCT
• multiple myeloma
• relapse

Potential conflict of interest

M.A.D. has received honoraria from Celgene, Janssen, Takeda and Amgen; E.T. has received honoraria from Celgene, Janssen, Takeda, Roche, Novartis, BMS and Amgen; and D.C.Z. has no competing financial interest. All authors have read and approved the submission of the article. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this article at http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10428194.2016.1246729.