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Leukemia & Lymphoma Volume 58, 2017 - Issue 10
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Original Articles: Clinical

Soluble CD52 is an indicator of disease activity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Fie J. VojdemanDepartment of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; ;Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Correspondence[email protected]
,
Sarah E. M. HermanHematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA;
,
Nikolai KirkbyDepartment of Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark;
,
Adrian WiestnerHematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA;
,
Mars B. van t’ VeerDepartment of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands;
,
Geir E. TjønnfjordDepartment of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway;
,
Maija A. Itälä-RemesDepartment of Hematology, Turku Central University Hospital, Turku, Finland;
,
Eva KimbyDivision of Hematology, Department of Medicine at Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden;
,
Mohammed Z. FarooquiHematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA;
,
Aaron PolliackDepartment of Hematology, Hadassah University Hospital, Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel;
,
Ka Lung WuDepartment of Hematology, Stuivenberg Hospital, Antwerpen, Belgium;
,
Jeanette K. DoorduijnDepartment of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cancer Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
,
Wendimagegn G. AlemayehuHOVON Data Centre, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
,
Shulamiet WittebolDepartment of Internal Medicine, Gelderse Vallei Hospital, Amersfoort, The Netherlands;
,
Tomas KozakDepartment of Clinical Hematology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic;
,
Jan WalewskiLymphoid Malignancies, Maria Sklodowska – Curie Memorial Institute and Oncology Centre, Warszawa, Poland;
,
Martine C. J. Abrahamse-TestrooteHOVON Data Centre, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
,
Marinus H. J. van OersDepartment of Hematology, Academisch Medisch Centrum, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
,
Christian H. GeislerDepartment of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark;
&
Carsten U. NiemannDepartment of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark;
show all
Pages 2356-2362 | Received 22 Nov 2016, Accepted 15 Jan 2017, Published online: 07 Feb 2017
 
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Abstract

CD52 is a glycoprotein expressed on normal as well as leukemic immune cells and shed as soluble CD52 (sCD52). We studied sCD52 levels in three CLL cohorts: the ‘early’, the ‘high-risk’, and the ‘ibrutinib-treated’. The ‘high-risk’ patients had significantly higher sCD52 levels than the ‘early’ patients. For the ‘early’ patients, high sCD52 levels were associated with a significantly shorter time to first treatment. Regarding prognostic factors, no clear correlations with stage, IGHV, or beta-2-microglobulin were found; in a cox multivariate analysis of the ‘early’ patients, sCD52 and IGHV both had independent prognostic value. Following chemo-immunotherapy, sCD52 decreased in parallel with leukocytes while during ibrutinib treatment and ibrutinib-induced ymphocytosis, sCD52 decreased along with lymph node reductions. In vitro IgM stimulation of CLL cells led to increased sCD52 levels in the medium. Our findings indicate that sCD52 reflects disease activity and potentially treatment efficacy in CLL.

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank statistician, Assoc. Prof. Lene T. Skovgaard at Copenhagen University, Prof. Niels Borregaard, and technician Charlotte Horn at the Laboratory of Granulocyte Research at Rigshospitalet, as well as the funding sources: The Danish Cancer Society, The Research Council of Rigshospitalet, The Danish Cancer Research Foundation, The Novo Nordisk Foundation, The Anders Hasselbalch Foundation, The Torben and Alice Frimodt Foundation, The Jakob Madsen and wife Olga Madsen Foundation, The Einar Willumsen Foundation, and The Eva and Henry Frænkel Foundation. Work done at NIH was supported through The Intramural Program of the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute.

Potential conflict of interest

Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article online at http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10428194.2017.1285027.

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