Loss of X chromosome predicts favorable prognosis in female patients with t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia

Abstract

The prognostic significance of loss of X chromosome (-X) in t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains unclear. We evaluated the role of -X in 158 female patients with t(8;21) AML collected retrospectively from 15 Chinese AML study groups. Patients with -X accounted for 25.3% and showed a significantly higher complete remission rate, better 3-year cumulative incidence of relapse (25.2 vs. 50.5%, p = 0.013), relapse-free survival (69.4 vs. 44.7%, p = 0.025), and overall survival (77.4 vs. 52.7%, p = 0.026) compared with those without -X. Patients with -X were more likely to achieve minimal residual disease negativity (risk ratio = 1.62; p = 0.020). A Multivariate analysis adjusting for age, white blood cell, KIT-D816 mutation, high-dose cytarabine consolidation therapy, and allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation showed -X to be an independent favorable prognostic factor. Our results suggest that -X may be associated with better outcomes in patients with t(8;21) AML.

Keywords:

• Loss of X chromosome
• -X
• AML
• t(8;21)(q22;q22)
• t(8;21) AML

Acknowledgments

We truly appreciate all the participants from 15 AML study hospital for clinical data providing. We would like to thank Professor Wei Li from the First Affiliated Hospital, Jilin University; Professor Liangding Hu from the 307 Hospital of PLA, Beijing; Professor Jianliang Shen from the Navy General Hospital, Beijing; Professor Meiyun Fang from the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University; Professor Qingming Yang from the First Affiliated Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Beijing; Professor Hengxiang Wang from the General Hospital of the Air Force, Beijing; Professor Xiaoyan Ke from the Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing; Professor Huiren Chen from the General Hospital of Beijing Military Region, Beijing; Professor Zhao Wang from the Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing; Professor Hui Liu from the Beijing Hospital; Professor Feng Liu from the Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Traditional Medical Sciences, Beijing; Professor Yigai Ma from the China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing; Professor Jingwen Wang from the Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing; Professor Jianmin Luo from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang.

Disclosure statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants [81970151, 81670162, 81870134, and 81800135] and the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality under Grants [7202186].