Lymphatic targeting for therapeutic application using nanoparticulate systems

Abstract

The lymphatic system has grasped attention of researchers to a greater extent. The conventional methods of lymphatic delivery are now being modified to include nanotechnology to enhance the targeting of the drug at the specific pathological site. Scientists have worked successfully on different drug loaded nanocarriers that are modulated for the lymphatic system targeting for the treatment of various fatal diseases. Huge strides have been made in methods of delivery of these drugs either individually or in combination along with nanoparticles, therapeutic genes, and vaccines. However, the products introduced for commercial use are almost near nil. Altogether, there are challenges that need to be resolved and studies that are meant to be done for further improvements. The current review focuses on the understanding and pathophysiology of the lymphatic system and changes that occur during disease, drug characteristics, and physicochemical parameters that influence the lymphatic uptake of drugs and different nanocarriers. We further highlight different potential results obtained over the years with nanocarriers and other delivery methods to effectively target the lymphatic system for their therapeutic application. The challenges and drawbacks governing the lack of products available clinically have also been discussed.

Keywords:

• Lymphatic targeted delivery
• nanocarriers
• immunotherapy
• drug delivery
• vaccines
• anticancer
• antimicrobials

Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemical and Fertilizers, Govt. of India for supporting financially. The NIPER-R communication number for the review article is NIPER-R/Communication/084.

Disclosure statement

There is no conflict of interest and disclosures associated with the manuscript.

Funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.