Fruit Tree model for uptake of organic compounds from soil and air†

†Presented at the 12th International Workshop on Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships in Environmental Toxicology (QSAR2006), 8–12 May 2006, Lyon, France.

Abstract

The current European risk assessment for chemicals considers only tap water, while in reality other beverages play an important role. A good part of beverages are made from fruits, for example apple juice and vine. A mathematical model was developed to predict uptake of neutral organic chemicals from soil and air into fruits. The new fruit tree model considers eight compartments, i.e. two soil compartments, fine roots, thick roots, stem, leaves, fruits, and air. Chemical equilibrium, advective transport in xylem and phloem, diffusive exchange to soil and air and growth dilution are the main processes. The parameterization is for a square-meter of an apple orchard. The model predicts that polar, non-volatile compounds will effectively be transported from soil to fruits, while lipophilic compounds will preferably accumulate from air into fruits. Results from various experiments show no disagreement with the model predictions.

†Presented at the 12th International Workshop on Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships in Environmental Toxicology (QSAR2006), 8–12 May 2006, Lyon, France.

Keywords:

• Apple
• Contamination
• Fruit tree
• Model
• Risk

Acknowledgements

This work was partly funded by the European Commission, project BIOTOOL, contract no. 003998 (GOCE). Many thanks go to Joel Burken, University of Missouri-Rolla, for very inspiring talks and discussions, and to James Devillers, CTIS France, for his invitation to contribute to QSAR 2006.

Notes

†Presented at the 12th International Workshop on Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships in Environmental Toxicology (QSAR2006), 8–12 May 2006, Lyon, France.