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Abstract
Massive increase in radical species can lead to oxidative stress, promoting cell injury and death. This review focuses on experimental evidence of oxidative stress in critical illnesses, sepsis and multisystem organ dysfunction. Oxidative stress could negatively affect organ injury and thus overall survival of experimental models. Based on this experimental evidence, we could improve the rationale of supplementation of antioxidants alone or in combination with standard therapies aimed to reduce oxidative stress as novel adjunct treatment in critical care.
| Abbreviations | ||
| ALI | = | Acute lung injury |
| ARDS | = | Acute respiratory distress syndrome |
| ATP | = | Adenosine triphosphate |
| CAT | = | Catalase peroxidase |
| GSH | = | Glutathione |
| iNOS | = | inducible nitric oxide synthase |
| IL-1β | = | Interleukin-1 β |
| LPS | = | Lipolysaccharide |
| MODS | = | Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome |
| MOF | = | Multi organ failure |
| NAC | = | N-acetylcysteine |
| NADPH | = | Reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate |
| NF-κB | = | Nuclear factor- κB |
| NO | = | Nitric oxide |
| nNOS | = | neuronal nitric oxide synthase |
| RNOS | = | Reactive nitrogenous oxide species |
| ROS | = | Reactive oxygen species |
| SOD | = | Superoxide dismutase |
| TNFα | = | Tumor necrosis factor α |
| TBARS | = | Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances |
| TRAP | = | Total Antioxidant capacity |
| Abbreviations | ||
| ALI | = | Acute lung injury |
| ARDS | = | Acute respiratory distress syndrome |
| ATP | = | Adenosine triphosphate |
| CAT | = | Catalase peroxidase |
| GSH | = | Glutathione |
| iNOS | = | inducible nitric oxide synthase |
| IL-1β | = | Interleukin-1 β |
| LPS | = | Lipolysaccharide |
| MODS | = | Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome |
| MOF | = | Multi organ failure |
| NAC | = | N-acetylcysteine |
| NADPH | = | Reduced nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate |
| NF-κB | = | Nuclear factor- κB |
| NO | = | Nitric oxide |
| nNOS | = | neuronal nitric oxide synthase |
| RNOS | = | Reactive nitrogenous oxide species |
| ROS | = | Reactive oxygen species |
| SOD | = | Superoxide dismutase |
| TNFα | = | Tumor necrosis factor α |
| TBARS | = | Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances |
| TRAP | = | Total Antioxidant capacity |