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Original

Cardiac mitochondrial function and tissue remodelling are improved by a non-antihypertensive dose of enalapril in spontaneously hypertensive rats

, , &
Pages 390-399 | Received 04 Nov 2008, Published online: 09 Sep 2009
 

Abstract

Renal and cardiac benefits of renin-angiotensin system inhibition exceed blood pressure (BP) reduction and seem to involve mitochondrial function. It has been shown that RAS inhibition prevented mitochondrial dysfunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) kidneys. Here, it is investigated whether a non-antihypertensive enalapril dose protects cardiac tissue and mitochondria function. Three-month-old SHR received water containing enalapril (10 mg/kg/day, SHR+Enal) or no additions (SHR-C) for 5 months. Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were normotensive controls. At month 5, BP was similar in SHR+Enal and SHR-C. In SHR+Enal and WKY, heart weight and myocardial fibrosis were lower than in SHR-C. Matrix metalloprotease-2 activity was lower in SHR+Enal with respect to SHR-C and WKY. In SHR+Enal and WKY, NADH/cytochrome c oxidoreductase activity, eNOS protein and activity and mtNOS activity were higher and Mn-SOD activity was lower than in SHR-C. In summary, enalapril at a non-antihypertensive dose prevented cardiac hypertrophy and modifies parameters of cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction in SHR.

Abbreviations
ACE=

angiotensin converting enzyme

ANG-II=

angiotensin II

BP=

blood pressure

ECM=

extracellular matrix

eNOS=

endothelial nitric oxide synthase

MMP=

matrix metalloprotease

Mn-SOD=

manganese superoxide dismutase

mtMP=

mitochondrial membrane potential

mtNOS=

mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase

RAS=

renin-angiotensin system

ROS=

reactive oxygen species

SHR=

spontaneously hypertensive rats

WKY=

Wistar-Kyoto rats

Abbreviations
ACE=

angiotensin converting enzyme

ANG-II=

angiotensin II

BP=

blood pressure

ECM=

extracellular matrix

eNOS=

endothelial nitric oxide synthase

MMP=

matrix metalloprotease

Mn-SOD=

manganese superoxide dismutase

mtMP=

mitochondrial membrane potential

mtNOS=

mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase

RAS=

renin-angiotensin system

ROS=

reactive oxygen species

SHR=

spontaneously hypertensive rats

WKY=

Wistar-Kyoto rats

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