The Role of Safety Behaviors in the Relationship between Social Anxiety and Marijuana Use Problems

Abstract

Background: Social anxiety has been associated with higher levels of and more problematic marijuana use. Research suggests that safety behaviors may play a role in the development and maintenance of marijuana problems. However, the safety behaviors that are most commonly associated with social anxiety have not been investigated, nor has the potential moderating role of gender on this relationship. Method: A diverse sample of regular marijuana users (N = 279) completed measures of social anxiety, safety behaviors related to social situations, and marijuana use problems. Results: Social anxiety and safety behavior use were both positively correlated with marijuana use problems. These relationships were stronger in men than in women. Among men only, tendencies to use safety behaviors to cope with social situations accounted for the relationship between social anxiety symptoms and marijuana-related problems. Discussion: The avoidant coping style that characterizes safety behaviors in social anxiety may also underlie problematic patterns of marijuana use, particularly for men. The present study is the first to report an association between safety behaviors in social situations and marijuana use problems and suggests the importance of examining the effect of reducing safety behaviors in social situations, in regular marijuana users with comorbid social anxiety.

Keywords:

• Social anxiety
• safety behavior
• marijuana use problems

Declaration of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the article.

SPIN = Social Phobia Inventory, PSWQ = Penn State Worry Questionnaire, MPS = Marijuana Problems Scale, SAFE = Subtle Avoidance Frequency Examination