https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7306-2956
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ABSTRACT
The Temanggung urban area in Central Java (Indonesia) already has considerable urban Green Infrastructure (GI), but the phenomenon of Urban Heat Island (UHI) has expanded to 268% in the last seven years. This study explores the theoretical gaps related to urban thermal comfort by combining tree management modelling as the independent variable and existing urban morphology as the dependent variable to identify the right place for the right tree using ENVI-met v5 simulations. We use the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) to determine urban thermal comfort, and our results showed a temperature decrease from 37°C (strong heat stress) to 32.5°C–35.5°C (moderate heat stress) and an average decrease of 1°C–3.5°C. These results were obtained by simulating the placement pattern of substations, land use zoning, tree size composition, paying attention to the type of road surface material, wind direction and speed and direction of road orientation, average air temperature, and location of building masses. This study provides a basis for consideration to assist local governments and researchers in managing GI in Temanggung Urban Area to create comfortable urban thermal comfort for their residents.
Data availability
The data are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgements
The authors wish to thank the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology for funding this research in the scheme of Doctoral Dissertation Research, contract number: 345-38/UN7.6.1/PP/2022, and Heather Stein for her assistance with the copy editing.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).