Abstract
Immunocytochemistry detects nectin-1/HveC, nectin-2/HveB, and HVEM/HveA on the surface of sensory neurons and fibroblasts grown as primary cultures from human dorsal root ganglia. Viral entry into these cultured cells was assayed by infection with a recombinant herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) expressing green fluorescent protein. Soluble, truncated nectin-1 polypeptide, as well as polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against nectin-1, inhibited infection of neurons, whereas polypeptides and antibodies capable of inhibiting HSV-1 interaction with nectin-2 and herpesvirs entry mediator (HVEM) failed to prevent infection of neuronal cells. These results demonstrate that nectin-1 is the primary receptor for HSV-1 entry into human fetal neurons. Viral entry into fibroblasts was also reduced by soluble nectin-1 but not by soluble HVEM. However, in contrast to the results obtained with neurons, antibodies against receptors failed to inhibit entry into fibroblasts, indicating that unlike neurons, fibroblasts have multiple receptors or mechanisms for HSV-1 entry.
Keywords:
A. Simpson and Michael D. Manchak Contributed equally to this research. The authors would like to thank Sarah Manchak for editorial/manuscript preparation assistance, and Stephanie Fischer for her technical and intellectual contributions. This work was supported by the Louis and Sidelle Bruckner Memorial Fund (M.J.L.), The Program to End Parkinson's Disease (C.R.F.), and grants from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R.J.E. and G.H.C.), and grant AI-18284 the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases AI-18289 (R.J.E. and G.H.C.)