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Serial crime as occupation: Parallels between occupational analysis and psychological profiling

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Pages 283-289 | Published online: 06 Sep 2017
 

ABSTRACT

This preliminary discussion suggests a process for studying serial crime as an occupation. To date, no investigation of the occupational components of crime has been undertaken by disciplines that historically contribute to forensic science, nor by occupational scientists, although studies have addressed occupational deprivation issues in prisons and how incarcerated individuals establish or restore healthy patterns of occupations as they reintegrate into society. The discussion centers on the processes involved in the occupational profiling of persons who engage in such occupations. Relevant occupational science constructs include the form, function and meaning of criminal occupations, as well as the skills, capabilities, motivations, and contexts of the offender. An occupational perspective might assist with identification of the nature, structure and characteristics of the occupations that comprise offenders’ lives, as well as the subjective experience, process, and outcomes of the occupational performance of serial crimes in innovative ways. Such analysis would complement psychological profiling, which includes collecting crime scene information, arranging this information into meaningful patterns, analyzing victim and offender risk, and reconstructing the crime and the offender motivation, to create a specific description of the law violator.

这个初步探讨提出了一个研究作为休闲的串行犯罪的过程。迄今为止,对历史上归为法医科学的学科和休闲科学家,都没有对犯罪的休闲成分进行过研究,虽然有研究已经针对监狱中的休闲剥夺问题,以及被监禁者如何在重新进入社会时建立或恢复健康的休闲模式。这些讨论的重点是为参与从事这种休闲活动的人建立休闲档案的过程。相关的休闲科学结构包括犯罪休闲的形式、功能和意义,以及罪犯的技能、能力、动机和情境。休闲视角可能有助于确定构成罪犯生活的休闲活动的性质、结构和特点,以及新颖的串行犯罪休闲活动的主观经历、过程和结果。这种分析将补充心理剖析,其中包括收集犯罪现场信息,将这些信息安排成有意义的模式,分析受害者和罪犯的风险,重建犯罪和违法者的动机,形成对违法者的具体描述。

La presente discusión preliminar da cuenta de un proceso dirigido a estudiar los crímenes seriales en tanto ocupación. Hasta la fecha, ni las disciplinas que históricamente han contribuido a la ciencia forense ni los científicos ocupacionales han realizado investigaciones que aborden los componentes ocupacionales del crimen. En cambio existen estudios relativos a las cuestiones vinculadas a la privación ocupacional en las prisiones y a cómo los individuos encarcelados establecen o recobran padrones sanos en el ámbito ocupacional durante su proceso de reintegración a la sociedad. En estos casos, la discusión se centra en los procesos involucrados en el establecimiento de un perfil ocupacional de las personas que participan en tales ocupaciones. Las construcciones relevantes elaboradas por la ciencia ocupacional abarcan la forma, función y significado de las ocupaciones criminales, así como las habilidades, capacidades, motivaciones y contextos del delincuente. Una perspectiva ocupacional puede operar como un auxiliar para identificar la naturaleza, estructura y características de las ocupaciones que componen la vida del infractor, así como la experiencia subjetiva, el proceso y los resultados vinculados al hecho de realizar ocupacionalmente crímenes seriales de manera innovadora. Este tipo de análisis puede complementar el perfil psicológico, ya que implica la recolección de información en el lugar del delito, ordenándola en padrones significativos; asimismo, analiza el riesgo vinculado a la víctima y al delincuente, reconstruyendo el crimen y determinando la motivación del infractor para crear una descripción específica del violador de la ley.

Acknowledgement

Select content from this paper was presented at the Poster Session of the SSO-USA Annual Conference in October 2011.

Notes

1. Victim risk is the level of possibility of harm that criminal profilers perceive for a given victim based on factors such as age, occupation, lifestyle, physical stature, resistance ability, and location of the victim. Victim risk is typically classified as high, moderate, or low.

2. Offender risk is the risk the offender was taking to commit the crime.

3. Tagging is similar to graffiti. Tagging is signing your name or other representation of yourself anywhere in public (walls, bus stops, alleyways, paved streets, etc.).

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