Content fat and calorie of human milk is affected by interactions between maternal age and body mass index

Abstract

Purpose: We evaluated the association between macronutrients of human milk (HM), and interactions between maternal age and body mass index(BMI) in matched conditions.

Material and methods: Totally, 80 HM samples were collected from healthy breast-feeding mothers at fourth week of lactation. HM macronutrients and maternal data were analyzed. Mothers were subgrouped into four groups by maternal age (20 s/30 s) and BMI (overweight/normal).

Results: Two-way ANOVA revealed significant interactions between age and BMI to affect macronutrients; fat, carbohydrate, and calories. Moreover, different responses of fat and calorie to BMI were found in different age groups.

Conclusions: The evaluation of over- or under-weighted infants warrants considering both of maternal age and BMI.

Keywords:

• Breast milk
• calorie
• fat
• protein

Disclosure statement

The authors report no declarations of interest. This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) [No. 2015R1A2A1A15056046].

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) [No. 2015R1A2A1A15056046].