The association of gestational age at delivery with neonatal outcomes in prenatally diagnosed vasa previa

Abstract

Objective

To report on the association of gestational age at delivery and neonatal outcomes in prenatally diagnosed vasa previa.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study at two academic/community hybrid hospitals, covered by the same maternal-fetal medicine group. Neonatal characteristics and outcomes were compared between cases of prenatally diagnosed vasa previa delivered at gestational age <36 weeks and ≥36 weeks.

Results

We identified 59 cases of vasa previa, of which 2 were excluded, one due to delivery at 28 weeks for preeclampsia, and one because it was not diagnosed prenatally, leaving 57 pregnancies in our study. There were 2 sets of twins. As such, there were 59 newborns. The mean gestational age at delivery was 35.08 (± 0.27) weeks for those delivered at <36 weeks, and 36.11 (±0.16) weeks for those delivered ≥36 weeks. All cases were delivered by cesarean. Delivery at ≥36 weeks was associated with greater mean birth weight (2774 g (±376.3 g)) compared with 2292.5 g (± 406.8 g) for those babies delivered at <36 weeks (p < 0.001). In addition, there were shorter hospital stays for the babies delivered at ≥36 weeks (median 3 days; interquartile range (IQR) 3,3) when compared with those delivered at <36 weeks (median 13 days; IQR 3,20). In addition, delivery at ≥36 weeks was associated with lower rates of intubation, jaundice and respiratory distress syndrome. Importantly, no cases of rupture of the membranes or vessel rupture occurred in either group.

Conclusion

Our study suggests that delivery at ≥36 weeks is safe for asymptomatic patients with prenatally diagnosed vasa previa, and may be associated with improved neonatal outcomes. We suggest that stable asymptomatic patients with prenatal diagnosis of vasa previa be delivered at 36 weeks rather than at less than 36 weeks. This will reduce neonatal morbidity with no apparent increased risk to babies.

Keywords:

• Vasa previa
• neonatal outcomes
• delivery timing
• cesarean delivery

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).